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A, Geologic map of the Bermejo Basin (modified from Stipanicic and Bonaparte, 1979 and Kokogian et al., 2001) / mapa geológico de la Cuenca del Bermejo (modificado de Stipanicic y Bonaparte, 1979 y Kokogian et al., 2001). B, Schematic section of the Los Rastros Formation indicating fossiliferous horizons / sección esquemática de la Formación Los Rastros indicando los horizontes fosilíferos.
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Four new genera and fourteen new species of the order Coleoptera are proposed: Ademosyne arcucciae Martins-Neto and Gallego sp. nov., Ademosyne elongatus Martins-Neto and Gallego sp. nov., Ademosyne hexacostata Martins-Neto and Gallego sp. nov., Ademosyne punctuada Martins-Neto and Gallego sp. nov., Argentinosyne frenguellii Martins-Neto and Galleg...
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Context 1
... gen. nov. is also similar to an unnamed species figured by Brauckmann and Schlüter (1993 , Fig. 18), from the Triassic of Lower Franconia (Germany), although without the proximal margin of the elytron preserved for comparison. ...
Similar publications
New fossil insect taxa from the Los Rastros Formation (early Late Triassic), La Rioja Province (Argentina) are described. Four new genera and fourteen new species of the order Coleoptera are proposed: Ademosyne arcucciae Martins-Neto and Gallego sp. nov., Ademosyne elongatus Martins-Neto and Gallego sp. nov., Ademosyne hexacostata Martins-Neto and...
Citations
... The fossil record of coleopterans in the Argentinean Triassic mainly comprises isolated elytra, wings, and abdomens, and nearly complete bodies of the families Permosynidae, Schizocoleidae, probable Elateridae, and Cupedidae (Martins-Neto et al. 2006;Neto and Gallego 2009;Lara et al. 2012). At the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión basin, the fossil insect assemblage includes fossils of adult specimens of the four families from the Ischichuca and Los Rastros formations (Martins-Neto et al. 2006;Martins;Neto and Gallego 2009). ...
... The fossil record of coleopterans in the Argentinean Triassic mainly comprises isolated elytra, wings, and abdomens, and nearly complete bodies of the families Permosynidae, Schizocoleidae, probable Elateridae, and Cupedidae (Martins-Neto et al. 2006;Neto and Gallego 2009;Lara et al. 2012). At the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión basin, the fossil insect assemblage includes fossils of adult specimens of the four families from the Ischichuca and Los Rastros formations (Martins-Neto et al. 2006;Martins;Neto and Gallego 2009). The insect remains are found in black claystones of lacustrine facies (Mancuso et al. 2007). ...
We present the anatomical study of axes of the corystosperm Rhexoxylon piatnitzkyi and the interactions of this plant with wood-boring beetles. We used a CT scanner and thin sections to reconstruct the boring pattern inside the plant axes, as well as the tissues affected by the beetle. The galleries were abundant in the branch of R. piatnitzkyi, including both longitudinal and transverse borings, and less frequent in the trunks. The galleries are bored preferentially in the secondary phloem and in the pith. The position of the galleries as well as the cell and tissue composition of the frass indicates that the borer was mainly a corticophagous insect. The sample also presents evidence of white rot by lignivorous fungi, and fragments of tracheids can be recognised in the frass that fills the galleries, indicating that the borer had some capacity to feed on decayed wood. The anatomical features of the secondary xylem and phloem suggest that the plant deployed defence mechanisms against the fungal decay and/or the boring beetle. This is the first evidence of insect galleries in axes of corystosperms, a dominant group of plants during the Triassic in Gondwana, and the first possible record of cerambycid borings.
... En general, Asiocoleidae es una familia característica de las asociaciones de coleópteros de tipo paleozoico y sus restos en depósitos más jóvenes son hallazgos únicos y raros, que podrían indicar algunos ambientes de refugio, donde persistirían elementos de biotas "más antiguas". Un segundo espécimen hallado se asemeja a la familia Cupedidae (?Argentinocupes), previamente registrada para el Triásico Superior de la Argentina (Martins-Neto et al. 2006, Martins-Neto y Gallego 2009). Además, se hallaron dos especies de "conchostracos" espinicaudados (familias Paleolimnadiopseidae y Fushunograptidae). ...
En la presente contribución se reportan los primeros hallazgos de restos fósiles de invertebrados para la Serie Tobífera en la provincia de Tierra del Fuego, donde además se analizan la composición, capacidad oleogenética y madurez térmica de la MO de estos niveles. El material procede de un testigo corona recuperado por la empresa YPF durante la perforación del pozo YPF.TF.EM.x-1 (El Monte) cercano a la localidad de Río Grande, en el año 1973. La corona fue recuperada a una profundidad de 2.390 metros, 50 metros por debajo del tope de la Serie Tobífera, luego de atravesar un paquete de rocas piroclásticas (“tobas blanquecinas y grises”), y está representada por pelitas gris-negruzcas con presencia de abundante MO.
... ; Marsicano y Barredo 2004; Mancuso 2005 b;Ottone et al. 2005;Martins Neto et al. 2006;Mancuso et al. 2007Mancuso et al. , 2020 Mancuso y Marsicano 2008; Arce y Lutz 2010;Marsicano et al. 2010; Mancuso y Caselli 2012;Pedernera et al. 2020;Benavente et al. 2021). ...
(Abstract in english below)
La zona de trabajo se caracteriza por importantes depocentros de sedimentitas triásicas que forman las cuencas de Ischigualasto-Villa Unión. Por su valor patrimonial y científi co, las cuencas se encuentran preservadas en los parques Nacional Talampaya y Provincial Ischigualasto. La región es árida con un balance hídrico negativo, falta de redes de drenaje perennes y fuerte actividad de vientos, capaces de modelar el paisaje y generar geoformas eólicas.
Las Hojas Geológicas forman parte del margen acrecionario (Orógeno Famatiniano) construido a lo largo del borde oeste de Gondwana en el Paleozoico Inferior. Fragmentos de un basamento metasedimentario de bajo grado, de edad cambro ordovícica, fueron intruidos por un magmatismo ordovícico representado por el Complejo Magmático Sañogasta. Durante el Ciclo Gondwánico, una tectónica extensional favoreció la intrusión en la región de granitoides peralcalinos y diques lamprofíricos. Dicha inestabilidad cortical también dio lugar, durante el Carbonífero y Pérmico, al desarrollo de cuencas donde se depositaron las sedimentitas continentales del Grupo Paganzo y, posteriormente, la generación de rifts con sedimentación y magmatismo triásicos. Durante la Orogenia Andina, la horizontalización progresiva de la placa subductada produjo la migración hacia el este del frente de deformación, activando un fallamiento inverso de alto ángulo junto a la inversión tectónica de las cuencas y las estructuras gondwánicas. Los depósitos sinorogénicos del Ciclo Ándico, fundamentalmente neógenos, representados por el Grupo Alto de San Nicolás, registran la historia
del levantamiento progresivo.
Dentro de los recursos minerales se destacan los yacimientos de arcillas caolínicas del distrito minero Amaná, relacionados con la Formación Agua Colorada/ Lagares de edad carbonífera superior. También tuvieron cierta importancia económica los yacimientos vetiformes de baritina/ fl uorita del distrito minero Talampaya y los yacimientos de wolframita del distrito minero El Chacho, posiblemente
relacionados con la actividad magmática del Carbonífero Inferior.
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The work area is characterized by important depocentres of Triassic sediments that form the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión basins. Due
to their patrimonial and scientifi c value, the basins are preserved in the Talampaya National Park and Ischigualasto Provincial Park.
The region is arid with a negative water balance, a lack of permanent drainage networks, and a strong wind activity capable of shaping the landscape and generating wind geoforms.
The region is part of the accretionary margin (Famatinian Orogen) built along the western edge of Gondwana in the Lower Paleozoic.
Fragments of a low-grade metasedimentary basement of Ordovician Cambrian age have been intruded by an Ordovician magmatism represented by the Sañogasta Magmatic Complex. During the Gondwanic Cycle, extensional tectonics favoured the intrusion of peralkaline granitoids and lamprophyric dikes in the region. This cortical instability during the Carboniferous and Permian also led to the development of basins where the continental sediments of the Paganzo Group were deposited and, later, to the generation of rifts with Triassic sedimentation and magmatism. During the Andean Orogeny, the progressive horizontalization of the subducted plate
produced the eastward migration of the deformation front, activating a high-angle reverse faulting as well as the tectonic inversion of the basins and gondwanan structures. The synorogenic deposits of the Andean Cycle, mainly of Neogene age, represented by the Alto de San Nicolás Group, record the history of the progressive uplift.
Among the mineral resources, the kaolin clay deposits of the Amaná mining district stand out, being associated with the Late Carboniferous Agua Colorada / Lagares formations. The barite / fluorite vein deposits of the Talampaya mining district and the wolframite deposits of the El Chacho mining district were also of some economic importance, possibly related to the Lower Carboniferous magmatic activity.
... Since 1990, the paleoentomology in Argentina has had a significant progress. Abundant insect fossils reported from different Triassic continental outcrops indicate high levels of richness, similar to those observed in only a few other basins in the world (e.g., Cairncross et al., 1995;Jell, 2004;Grimaldi & Engel, 2005;Zheng et al., 2018 Gallego, 1999Gallego, , 2006Gallego, , 2001Gallego, , 2009Martins-Neto et al., 2003, 2006a, 2006bGallego et al., 2011;Lara et al., 2012Lara et al., , 2015Lara et al., , 2019aLara et al., , 2019bLara et al., , 2021Lara et al., , 2023Lara & Lukashevich, 2013;Lara, 2016;Lara & Wang, 2016;Bustos-Escalona, 2020). About 90% of the Triassic fossil insect record in Argentina comes from the Cuyana and Ischigualasto-Villa Unión basins ( Fig. 2; Tab. 2). ...
A state of the art of the insects collected and described from different Permian and Triassic units in South America is given, accompanied by their brief historical record (e.g., collectors, taxonomic revision) and new high-quality photos in color. Likewise, we succinctly provide data on the paleodiversity and paleoecology of the entomological assemblages from the different units. Finally, we discuss the South American paleoentomological records in relation to equivalent deposits worldwide. The thorough, updated review of fossil insect faunas in this paper will help settling the bases for future taxonomic, diversity and ecological studies during a time that comprised the evolutionary history of insects through two key episodes of the geological record: the end-Permian mass extinction (EPME, ⁓252 Ma) and the Carnian Pluvial Event (CPE, ⁓234–232 Ma).
... Literature. Dunstan (1923: 44): original description [39]; Handlirsch (1938: 13): catalogue [212]; Jell (2004: 76): catalogue [215]; Martins-Neto et al. (2006: 602): remark [71]; Martin (2010: 936): remark [73]. ...
... Several fossil click-beetle lineages were reported also from South America. However, the genera Babuskaya Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2009, Cardiosyne Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2006, and Gemelina Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2006 from the Mesozoic Argentinian deposits [71,72] were recently transferred from Elateridae to Coleoptera incertae sedis [12], and two Paleocene species were described based on elytra only, and their placement in Elateridae is dubious [35]. The Australian click-beetle fossil fauna includes five species in four genera from Mesozoic deposits; however, at least four species highly probably do not belong to Elateridae (see, e.g., Muona et al. [99]). ...
The Elateridae (click-beetles) are the largest family in Elateroidea; however, their relationships, systematics and classification remain unclear. Our understanding of the origin, evolution, palaeodiversity and palaeobiogeography of Elateridae, as well as reconstruction of a reliable time-calibrated phylogeny for the group, are hampered by the lack of detailed knowledge of their fossil record. In this study, we summarize the current knowledge on all described fossil species in Elateridae, including their type material, geographic origin, age, bibliography and remarks on their systematic placement. Altogether, 261 fossil species classified in 99 genera and nine subfamilies are currently listed in this family. The Mesozoic click-beetle diversity includes 143 species, with most of them described from the Jurassic Karatau, and 118 described species are known from the Cenozoic deposits, mainly from the Eocene North American Florissant Formation and European Baltic amber. Available data on the described past diversity of Elateridae suggest that almost all fossil lineages in this group are in urgent need of revision and numerous Mesozoic species might belong to different families. Our study is intended to serve as a comprehensive basis for all subsequent research focused on the click-beetle fossil record.
... Numerous fossils insect reported in Triassic continental sediments places Argentina as the main paleoentomological region of South America and one of the most important from southwestern Gondwana (Lara, 2016;Lara et al., 2017). The significant paleoentomological richness of the Argentinian basins include thousands of specimens of insects classified into 12 orders and 91 species, comprising fragmentary and occasionally articulated specimens preserved as impressions/compressions of wings, and parts or complete bodies, attributable mainly to blattids, beetles, and hemipterans, and in less proportion to orthopterans, mecopterans, miomopterans, grylloblattids, plecopterans, dipterans, hymenopterans, odonatans and glosselytrodeans (Martins--Neto and Gallego, 1999Gallego, , 2001Gallego, , 2006Gallego, , 2009Martins-Neto et al., 2003, 2005, 2006a, 2006bGallego et al., 2011;Lara, 2016;Lara and Lukashevich, 2013;Lara and Wang, 2016;Lara and Aristov, 2016;Lara and Bashkuev, 2020;Lara et al., 2012Lara et al., , 2014Lara et al., , 2015Lara et al., , 2017Bustos-Escalona, 2020). All these insect remains have been collected in the Los Rastros Formation (Carnian), Ischigualasto Villa-Unión Basin (La Rioja Province), Potrerillos Formation (Carnian), Cuyana Basin, and Llantenes Formation (Norian), Malargüe Basin (Mendoza Province) (Lara, 2016;Bustos-Escalona, 2020). ...
... Previous studies about insects from the Carnian Los Rastros Formation date up to 2009 Martins-Neto and Gallego, 1999, 2009Martins-Neto et al., 2003, 2005, 2006a, 2006b. In the last years, new field trips to the Gualo locality allow to collect several hundred new fossil remains of insects including beetles, blattids, hemipterans, and orthopterans, among others, associated to abundant and well-preserved flora (typical Dicroidium flora), spinicaudatan carapaces, and fish remains (Bustos Escalona, 2020;Bustos Escalona et al., 2017;Pedernera et al., 2020). ...
... The Los Rastros invertebrate fossil assemblage include insects Mancuso, 2005;Martins-Neto and Gallego, 1999, 2009Martins-Neto et al., 2003, 2005, 2006a, 2006bBustos Escalona, 2020), crustaceans (Gallego, 1999;Mancuso, 2005;Bustos Escalona et al., 2017;Bustos Escalona, 2020), bivalves (Frenguelli, 1945) and invertebrate traces Melchor, 2004;Marsicano et al., 2010). The vertebrate fossil assemblage includes body fossil of fish, and fragmentary indeterminate temnospondyls (Mancuso, 2005;Mancuso and Marsicano, 2008). ...
Two new hemipteran taxa are described: Dysmorphoptiloides losrastrosensis sp. nov. and Gualoscarta obscura gen. et sp. nov. (Auchenorryncha: Dysmorphoptilidae). Likewise, we report the first specimen of a corixid (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) from the Triassic of Gondwana. The fossil material studied in this paper comes from the Gualo locality, the Carnian Los Rastros Formation, Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin, La Rioja Province, Argentina. From new available material, we present a new forewing reconstruction of Saaloscytina carmonae Martins-Neto et al., 2006a and discuss its taxonomic position. As an additionally contribution, three additional genera from the Los Rastros Formation are revised: Gualoscytina Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2003, Argentinopheloscyta Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2003, and Australocicada Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2001 are synonymized to Apheloscyta Tillyard, 1922 (Apheloscyta mayae comb. nov.), Mesoscytina Tillyard, 1919 (Mesoscytina forsterae comb. nov.), and Fulgobole Shcherbakov, 2011 (Fulgobole arcucciae comb. nov.), respectively. Finally, the authors discuss the paleobiological and paleogeographical implications of this new material from the Triassic of Gondwana.
... Genus Remark. Martins-Neto et al. [103] classified this genus in Elateridae only tentatively and hypothesized that it might in fact belong to a yet undescribed beetle family. Since the elytron, based on which this genus was described, shows none of the diagnostic characters of Elateridae, we transfer Remark. ...
... Therefore, we transfer Remark. Martins-Neto et al. [103] placed this genus in Elateridae with a question mark. Since the elytron, based on which this genus was described, shows none of the diagnostic characters of Elateridae, we transfer Gemelina Martins-Neto & Gallego, 2006 to Coleoptera incertae sedis. ...
... However, for example Ding et al. [140] and Kirejtshuk & Ponomarenko [33] listed this genus again in Buprestidae. Three genera from the Triassic of Argentina, which were described based on the elytra only, i.e., Babuskaya, Cardiosyne and Gemelina [103,124], were originally classified in Elateridae only provisionally (with a question mark), and all of them are placed in Coleoptera incertae sedis in this study. Additionally, Dong et al. [87] listed in Elateridae Mesagyrtes Ponomarenko, 1977 from the Jurassic of the Russian Federation, although with a question mark. ...
Insect fossils bear important information about the evolutionary history of the group. The fossil record of Elateridae, a large cosmopolitan beetle family, has been greatly understudied and the available data are often replete with ambiguity and uncertainty. The research of Elateridae evolution cannot be done without solid genus-group name concepts. In this study we provide an updated comprehensive summary of the fossil genera in Elateridae, including their systematic placement and information on the type species, gender, number of species, age range, and relevant bibliography. We list seven valid fossil genera in Agrypninae, one in Cardiophorinae, two in Dendrometrinae, five in Elaterinae, two in Negastriinae, one in Omalisinae, one in Pityobiinae, and 36 in Protagrypninae. Additional 19 genera are tentatively classified as Elateridae incertae sedis, and their placements are discussed. Further, we move genera Babuskaya Martins-Neto & Gallego, 2009, Cardiosyne Martins-Neto & Gallego, 2006, Fengningia Hong, 1984 and Gemelina Martins-Neto & Gallego, 2006 from Elateridae to Coleoptera incertae sedis. We also discuss the genera previously placed in Elateridae, which are currently not included in the family. The data on the fossil generic diversity suggest that Elateridae originated in the Triassic and rapidly diversified and became comparatively abundant through the Jurassic. We call for further research on the fossil Elateridae from various deposits in order to increase our knowledge on the origin, evolution, and palaeodiversity of the group.
... 140 M. B. Lara and A. Bashkuev significant palaeoentomological potential of the Argentinean Triassic sequences is based on more than 500 specimens of insects classified into 12 orders and 87 species attributable mainly to dictyopterans, hemipterans and coleopterans, and in less proportion to orthopterans, mecopterans, miomopterans, grylloblattids, plecopterans, dipterans, hymenopterans, odonatans and glosselytrodeans (Lara 2016). The insects recorded as fragmentary and occasionally articulated specimens with different preservation modes as impressions/molds of wings, part of bodies and complete bodies, come from Ischichuca (~Anisian-Ladinian) (Martins-Neto & Gallego 2009) and Los Rastros (Carnian) (Martins-Neto et al. 2005;Martins-Neto et al. 2006a;Martins-Neto et al. 2006b) formations, Bermejo Basin, San Juan and La Rioja provinces; Cerro de Las Cabras (~Anisian-Ladinian) and Potrerillos (Carnian) formations, Cuyana Basin, Mendoza Province (Martins-Neto et al. 2007;Martins-Neto et al. 2008;Gallego et al. 2011;Lara et al. 2012;Lara & Lukashevich 2013;Lara et al. 2014;Lara et al. 2015;Lara & Aristov 2016;Lara & Wang 2016;Lara et al. 2017); Llantenes Formation (Norian), Tronquimalal Group, Llantenes Depocenter, Malargüe Basin, Mendoza Province (Brauckmann et al. 2010) (Gallego 1997;Martins-Neto & Gallego 2001;Martins-Neto et al. 2003). ...
New insect taxa, Tipuloidea cuyana sp. nov., Cuyanoscytinum arcucciae gen. et sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Scytinopteridae), Duraznochorista zavattierii gen. et sp. nov. (Mecoptera: Permochoristidae), and Potrerillopanorpa macloughlini gen. et sp. nov. (Mecoptera: Parachoristidae), are described from the Upper Triassic Potrerillos Formation, at the Quebrada del Durazno locality, in the Cuyana Basin, Mendoza Province, Argentina. The genera Tipuloidea Wieland, 1925 and Argentinocicada Martins-Neto & Gallego, 1999 (Chiliocyclidae) are transferred back from Chiliocyclidae to Scytinopteridae Handlirsch, 1906. The diagnosis and description of Tipuloidea rhaetica Wieland, 1925 are revised and emended. The family Parachoristidae is reported for the first time in the Triassic of South America. Argentinopanorpa miguezi Lara et al., 2015 is tentatively transferred to Parachoristidae based on new data. Distribution data of respective families in Gondwana is updated.
... The highest diversity of continental fossil invertebrates from the Argentinean Triassic sequences derives mainly from two basins: (1) the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin (= Bermejo Basin) in La Rioja and San Juan provinces, and (2) the Cuyana Basin (= Cuyo Basin) in Mendoza and San Juan provinces. In these basins, the most common and best-studied fossil invertebrates comprise the insects, with 87 described species (Martins-Neto et al., 2003, 2005, 2006a, b, 2007Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2009;Gallego et al., 2011;Lara and Lukashevich, 2013;Lara et al., 2014Lara et al., , 2015Lara et al., , 2017Lara, 2016;Lara and Aristov, 2016;Lara and Wang, 2016), and the spinicaudatans, with 30 described species (Rusconi, 1946a(Rusconi, , b, 1947(Rusconi, , 1948aTasch, 1987;Gallego, 1992Gallego, , 1999Gallego, , 2005Camacho, 1995;Shen et al., 2001;Gallego et al., 2004;Tassi et al., 2013Tassi et al., , 2015Tassi, 2016). ...
The presence of a new taxon, Duraznovis gallegoi new genus new species is reported and described from an early Late Triassic (Carnian) deposit in Argentina. Two specimens, recovered from the Quebrada del Durazno locality, uppermost levels of the Potrerillos Formation, Cuyana Basin (Mendoza), are represented by the molds of their shield and
imprints of soft parts. The identity of these specimens appears enigmatic but closely resembles in the possession of a generalized arthropod morphology and a distinctive combination of characters, to living and fossil representatives of xiphosurans (Chelicerata) and notostracans (Branchiopoda). The new fossils are associated with a rich biota comprising abundant insects, spinicaudatans, plants, and scarce fish remains living in semipermanent swamps and/or ponds within a delta plain environment with intermittent episodes of flooding, in a warm temperate and humid megamonsoonal climate during Triassic times. In this context, we analyze the taphonomic and ecological implications of their presence. Lastly, these unique specimens at the Quebrada del Durazno locality adds to the diversity of the biota, revealing the importance of this site as an exceptional paleontological Triassic deposit.
... The bigger of the two elytra (3.9 mm long and 1.2 mm wide) displays longitudinal striae (Fig. 2D); a character typically found in beetles of the Polyphaga suborder but that also evolved convergently in the extinct family Ademosynidae. A similar elytron to this specimen was described as Argentinocupes pulcher from Argentinian deposits of comparable age 28 . The smaller specimen (2.3 mm long and 0.9 mm wide), has a smooth outer surface. ...
Coprolites (fossil faeces) reveal clues to ancient trophic relations, and contain inclusions representing organisms that are rarely preserved elsewhere. However, much information is lost by classical techniques of investigation, which cannot find and image the inclusions in an adequate manner. We demonstrate that propagation phase-contrast synchrotron microtomography (PPC-SRμCT) permits high-quality virtual 3D-reconstruction of coprolite inclusions, exemplified by two coprolites from the Upper Triassic locality Krasiejów, Poland; one of the coprolites contains delicate beetle remains, and the other one a partly articulated fish and fragments of bivalves.
