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— A-E, Xenobrochus africanus (Cooper, 1973), Mozambique Channel, Inhambane transect, MAINBAZA, stn CP 3143, 264-277 m (MNHN IB-2013-50): A, B, dorsal view of complete specimen and enlargement of the umbonal part to show details of the beak (B); C, inner view of ventral valve; D, E, inner view of dorsal valve (C), and enlargement of posterior part (E) to show details of brachial skeleton; F-J, Gryphus capensis Jackson, 1952, North-West Madagascar, West of Cap d'Ambre, MIRIKY, stn DW 3196, 238-249 m (MNHN IB-2013-43): F-H, inner view of ventral valve (F), enlargement of posterior part (G) to show teeth and symphytium, and broken transverse section, showing secondary fibres and prims of the tertiary layer (top), characteristic for the genus, I, J, inner view of dorsal valve, and enlargement of posterior part (J) to show details of cardinalia and loop. All SEMs. Scale bars: A, C, D, F, I, 2 mm; B, E, G, J, 1 mm; H, 50 µm.
Source publication
Nineteen genera of Recent brachiopods, i.e. Discradisca Stenzel, 1964, Novocrania Lee & Brunton, 2001, Basiliola Dall, 1908, Cryptopora Jeffreys, 1869, Gryphus Megerle von Mühlfeldt, 1811, Dallithyris Muir-Wood, 1959, Stenosarina Cooper, 1977, Xenobrochus Cooper, 1981, Terebratulinad'Orbigny, 1847, Chlidonophora Dall, 1903, Eucalathis Fischer & Oeh...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... (1952) described from the South coast of South Africa. Hiller (1991Hiller ( , 1994 has also recorded it from the same general region. The sole specimen of G. capensis obtained in this study from North-West Madagascar differs slightly from the type species in that the transverse band of the loop has a more pronounced ventral arching at the centre (Fig. 6J). It is, however, consistent with the specimens described by Jackson (1952). The shell is small, elongate oval, ventribiconvex. The M. A. & Logan A. foramen is large, oval with a short, excavate pedicle collar. The teeth are short but wide with very weak swollen bases. The cardinal process is small, whereas the triangular outer hinge ...
Context 2
... The teeth are short but wide with very weak swollen bases. The cardinal process is small, whereas the triangular outer hinge plates are wide and concave, bordered by crural bases. The loop is short with parallel descending branches and a broad transverse band. The shell is composed of three layers with a relatively thin tertiary prismatic layer (Fig. ...
Context 4
... pl. 3, fig. 8). Cooper (1973a: 13), on the other hand, maintained that the loop of C. chuni "contrasts strongly" with that of C. incerta. He illustrated one of Bloch- mann's specimens of C. chuni (USNM 110436a) from off the Maldives to show the loop. However, the crural pro- cesses in that particular specimen are barely discernible (his pl. 8, fig. 26), whereas in the specimens from Madagascar remarks Species of the genus Eucalathis are common in all the oceans of the world and range greatly in depth. Six species have been recorded from the Indian Ocean: E. rotundata Cooper, 1981;costellata Cooper, 1981;fasciculata Cooper, 1973;magna Cooper, 1981;murrayi (Davidson, 1878);andrugosa ...
Context 5
... dallinidae Beecher, 1893 Subfamily nipponiThyridinae Hatai, 1938Genus Nipponithyris Yabe & Hatai, 1934 Type species. - Nipponithyris nipponensis Yabe & Hatai, 1934, by original designation of Yabe & Hatai (1934: 588). Cooper, 1973 ( Fig. 16; ...
Context 6
... Ocean, occurring off Mozambique at depths of 740-960 m (Cooper 1973a). This species is characterized by a smooth, sulcate shell, strongly thickened posteriorly. The specimens identified here, which extend the species' depth range, are generally larger in the mature stage than those described by Cooper (1973a) but are otherwise closely similar. Fig. 16K shows the complete loop in an early terebratelliform stage from MAINBAZA station 3139 and may be compared with one of Cooper's paratypes shown in his plate 7, fig. 19. In the studied material Nipponithyris afra is one of the commonest species (more than 120 specimens). measuremenTs. - See Table ...
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Citations
... However, in the Moravian Miocene it is very rare, so far recorded from only two localities, Rudoltice and Kralice (Reuss, 1860;Bitner et al., 2013b). Today, M. truncata is widely distributed, with representatives in the Mediterranean Sea and eastern North Atlantic (Logan, 2007;Álvarez, 2016;Emig, 2018), as well as in the western Indian Ocean (Bitner and Logan, 2016). Its depth range is very wide from 8 to 1,970 m (Logan, 2007;Emig, 2018). ...
Normal 0 21 false false false PL X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Standardowy; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:107%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt; mso-ligatures:standardcontextual; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} Four brachiopod species, i.e., Terebratula cf. styriaca Dreger, Terebratulina retusa (Linnaeus), Megathiris detruncata (Gmelin) and Megerlia truncata (Linnaeus), have been recognised in the Middle Miocene (lower Badenian) deposits at the localities Borač and Borač-Podolí, Carpathian Foredeep, Moravia, Czech Republic. The species M. truncata predominates in the assemblage studied, while M. detruncata is very rare, found only at the locality Borač. Terebratula cf. styriaca and Terebratulina retusa are reported for the first time from the Moravian part of the Carpathian Foredeep. Two types of trace fossils have been observed on the brachiopod shells: drill holes penetrating the shell (ichnogenus Oichnus Bromley) and etching scars, produced by a brachiopod pedicle (ichnogenus Podichnus Bromley and Surlyk).
... Exceptionally, we know a species of Eucalathis from NW Madagascar where the loop is incompletely developed, the crural processes are very short and the V-shaped descending lamellae and transverse band is not formed (E. daphneae Bitner and Logan 2016). This is not a unique phenomenon in the family Chlidonophoridae, similar incomplete loops have been observed in the case of the Recent Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina 1981) by Lee et al. 2008 and in the Eocene-Oligocene Orthothyris pectinoides (von Koenen 1894) by Bitner and Müller 2015 (see discussion also in Bitner and Logan 2016). ...
... daphneae Bitner and Logan 2016). This is not a unique phenomenon in the family Chlidonophoridae, similar incomplete loops have been observed in the case of the Recent Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina 1981) by Lee et al. 2008 and in the Eocene-Oligocene Orthothyris pectinoides (von Koenen 1894) by Bitner and Müller 2015 (see discussion also in Bitner and Logan 2016). ...
... E. cubensis Cooper 1977 is subcircular in outline, and strongly costellate with numerous (30) tuberculated and intercalated costae; its loop has deep median angulation (Cooper 1977). E. daphneae Bitner and Logan 2016 is wider than long, with subcircular foramen, nearly smooth costae and incomplete transverse band (Bitner and Logan 2016). E. ergastica Fischer and Oehlert 1890 is subcircular in outline, with many (24) intercalating or bifurcating costae (Fischer and Oehlert 1890). ...
Eucalathis, a member of the brachiopod superfamily Cancellothyridoidea, is common in Recent seas. The 15 known species have an almost cosmopolitan distribution, but no known occurrence in the Mediterranean Sea. Despite the rich Recent record, very little is known about the geological history of Eucalathis. In the Mediterranean, two fossil species are known from the Miocene of Italy. Two additional Eucalathis species from the Neogene of Italy are identified: E. davidi sp. nov. from NW Italy (Marmorito, Early Pliocene), and E. dorae sp. nov. from Sicily (Altavilla, Late Pliocene). It proves that Eucalathis did not disappear from the Mediterranean after the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Based on the four known species, Eucalathis (probably apart from the Messinian Crisis) was present in the Mediterranean from the Middle Miocene to the Late Pliocene. Its disappearance is possibly related to the Pleistocene cooling. Currently, three species of Eucalathis occur in the NE Atlantic, near the entrance to the Mediterranean. However, they are unable to enter because the distribution of all three species is restricted to deeper environments than the average 300 m deep Gibraltar sill. The circulation pattern of the Gibraltar area also prevents deeper water Atlantic species from entering the Mediterranean.
https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EA467DCC-301B-4C44-9B19-A9A3E8EF332B
https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6AB4E4A5-46F2-44F9-8BFD-907190039071
... They are much less diverse than bivalves, with only 415 species worldwide. Bitner and Logan (2016) reported 23 species in Malagasy waters, with the highest diversity in the Deep South (17 species in 15 genera). The Malagasy brachiopod biota has strong similarities to that of southern Africa, sharing 12 out of 25 species. ...
This chapter in the New Natural History of Madagascar (Goodman ed. 2022, Princeton University Press) provides the most comprehensive account to date of scientific knowledge of the natural history of Madagascar's marine and coastal ecosystems and their biodiversity, including marine megafauna (including cetaceans, dugong, sea turtles, sharks, rays, sawfishes and coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae).
... In the Neogene, M. truncata is very common and widely distributed, both in the Central Paratethys and the Mediterranean province (e.g., Gaetani and Saccà, 1985;Bitner, 1990;Bitner and Dulai, 2004;Dulai, 2010Dulai, , 2019Bitner et al., 2013b;Bitner and Motchurova-Dekova, 2016;Hoffmann et al., 2020). Its Recent representatives live in the Mediterranean Sea and eastern North Atlantic (Logan, 1979(Logan, , 2007Álvarez, 2016;Simon et al., 2016;Emig, 2016Emig, , 2018 as well as in the western Indian Ocean (Bitner and Logan, 2016), having a very wide depth range from 8 to 1,086 m (Logan, 2007). ...
Thirteen species, belonging to eleven genera, i.e., Discinisca Dall, Novocrania Lee and Brunton, Lacazella Munier-Chalmas, Pliothyrina van Roy, Terebratulina d’Orbigny, Megathiris d’Orbigny, Argyrotheca Dall, Bronnothyris Popiel-Barczyk and Smirnova, Joania Álvarez, Brunton and Long, Platidia Costa and Megerlia King, have been identified in the lower Oligocene rocky-shore deposits at Mammendorf, central Germany. The occurrence of the species Discinisca fallens (Wood), Argyrotheca bitnerae Dulai and Megerlia truncata (Linnaeus) extends their stratigraphic range back to the early Oligocene. The affinity to the early Oligocene brachiopod fauna of the Mainz Basin is noted.
... The brachiopod valve was completely within the carbonate, Hiller et al. (2008) to include fossils from Austria (Dreger 1889) and Italy (Sacco 1902), and extant species from the Canary Islands (Logan 1983(Logan ,1988(Logan ,1993, Aegean Sea (Logan 1979), and living and fossil records from Logan et al. (2002Logan et al. ( ,2004. Updated to include subsequently documented fossil and living records (e.g., Bitner 2010; Bitner and Dulai 2008;Bitner et al. , 2013Bitner and Logan 2016;Dulai 2019;Dulai and Stachacz 2011;Hiller 2011;Hoffmann et al. 2020;Logan and Bitner 2013;Simon 2010;Zágoršek et al. 2012); see also Dulai and Hocht (2020), and references therein. Because the scale of this map does not allow us to show every occurrence within Europe, some dots represent multiple localities not preserved on an outer surface. ...
A single terebratulide brachiopod valve found in a middle Eocene limestone deposit in the Humptulips Formation in western Washington State is the first record of a megathyridid brachiopod in a hydrocarbon seep deposit, the first fossil record of the genus Argyrotheca in western North America, and the northernmost record for Argyrotheca from the north-eastern Pacific Ocean.
... This species, originally described from the Caribbean Sea by Davidson (1880) under the name Magasella incerta was included by Zezina (1981b) into a new genus Phaneropora, with the type species P. galatheae. The latter species is characterized by having a gap between the crura and septal pillar (Zezina 1981b;Bitner 2008;Bitner and Logan 2016), while the Atlantic species, like in Leptothyrella, possesses continuous descending branches attached to the septum (Logan 1983(Logan , 1998Gaspard 2003;Álvarez and Emig 2005;Álvarez 2016;Simon et al. 2016). Thus, Phaneropora incerta was transferred to Leptothyrella by MacKinnon & Lee (2006); see also discussion in Bitner (2008, p. 444). ...
... Additionally, the new discovery confirms Cooper's (1983) recognition of the genus Xenobrochus in the Atlantic. So far Xenobrochus was considered to be restricted to the West Pacific and Indian Ocean, mostly along the southern African coast (Logan 2007;Bitner 2011Bitner , 2019Bitner and Logan 2016). Occurrences at widely spaced regions are observed also among other deep-sea brachiopods, usually along the mid-ocean ridge systems (Lee et al. 2008). ...
Five species of Recent brachiopods (Terebratulida), i.e. Xenobrochus parvus (Cooper, 1977 CooperGA. 1977. Brachiopods from the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters. Studies in Tropical Oceanography. 14:1–211. [Google Scholar]), Chlidonophora incerta (Davidson, 1878 DavidsonT. 1878. Extract from a report to Professor Wyville Thomson, F.R.S., Director of the civilian scientific staff, on the Brachiopoda dredged by H.M.S. Challenger . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 27:428–439. doi: 10.1098/rspl.1878.0074 [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]), Eucalathis ergastica Fischer & Œhlert, 1890, Nanacalathis atlantica Zezina 1991 ZezinaON. 1991. A new species of cancellothyroid brachiopods from the “Atlantis” Fault Zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal. 70:152–153. [in Russian with English summary] [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], and Leptothyrella incerta (Davidson, 1880 DavidsonT. 1880. Report on the Brachiopoda dredged by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–1876. In: Report of the scientific results of the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–1876. Zoology. 1:1–67. [Google Scholar]) have been identified in the material collected during the 39th cruise of the RV Professor Logachev in the Russian Exploration Area in the central part of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge in February–March 2018. Only Chlidonophora incerta is numerous, the remaining species are very rare. This is the first confirmed occurrence of the genus Xenobrochus from the Atlantic Ocean. The distribution of the studied fauna and its comparison with adjacent regions are also discussed.
... This species is also widely distributed in the Neogene to Pleistocene of Europe where it can be locally abundant (Georgiades-Diké oulia, 1974;Gaetani and Saccà , 1985;Bitner, 1990;Popiel-Barczyk and Barczyk, 1990;Barrier et al., 1992;Bitner and Dulai, 2004;Koskeridou, 2007;Dulai, 2010Dulai, , 2019. Its Recent representatives live in the Mediterranean Sea and eastern North Atlantic (Logan, 1979(Logan, , 2007Emig, 2018) and in the Indian Ocean (Bitner and Logan, 2016) in a wide depth range, being also common at bathyal depths. ...
Marly sediments of the early Messinian Abad Member of the Turre Formation from the northeastern sector of the Carboneras-Nijar Basin (southern Spain) have yielded a rich fossil assemblage, of which 60 taxa are documented herein. Besides nannoflora and microfauna, this assemblage includes the first autochthonous macrofauna described from the Abad Member. Based on the calcareous nannofossil assemblage, in particular the occurrence of the zonal index taxon Amaurolithus primus, the sediments are assigned to the Mediterranean calcareous nannofossil zone CNM17, corresponding to the latest Tortonian to earliest Messinian interval. This matches the age range generally reported for the Abad Member. Palaeoecological evidence from calcareous nannofossils (20 authochtonous taxa), planktic and benthic foraminifera (12 taxa), Porifera (3 taxa), Octocorallia (Keratoisis), Serpulidae (4 taxa), Bivalvia (5 taxa), Gastropoda (2 taxa), Brachiopoda (7 taxa), Cirripedia (Faxelepas) and Vertebrata (5 taxa) indicates an upper bathyal environment with an influx of neritic elements for the Abad Member near Carboneras. Additionally, several faunal components may represent allochthonous/parautochthonous elements from adjacent habitats, which were transported into the deep marine setting by turbiditic mass flows. Although similarities exist, the fossil assemblage from the marls is compositionally significantly different from the biota previously documented from a nearby exposed olistostrome, the ‘red breccia’. Similar fossil assemblages from the Mediterranean have so far mainly been reported from the Pliocene-Pleistocene of southern Italy and Greece. The Carboneras fauna thus adds to our knowledge of the development of these habitats and their biota prior to the Messinian salinity crisis. Beyond the novel palaeoenvironmental data, the range of the dyscoliid brachiopod Ceramisia meneghiniana, previously known only from the Pliocene of Italy, is extended to the Miocene of Spain. The cirripede crustacean Pycnolepas paronai De Alessandri, 1895 is transferred to the hitherto monospecific genus Faxelepas Gale, 2015, whereby the range of the latter (previously Maastrichtian to Danian) is extended to the late Miocene.
... It is one of the most widely distributed species in the West Pacific, known from Japan, Australia and New Caledonia to French Polynesia and Hawaii (Hatai 1940;Emig 1987;Saito 1996;Laurin 1997;Logan 2007;Bitner 2006aBitner , 2006bBitner , 2008Bitner , 2009Bitner , 2010Bitner , 2014Bitner , 2015Simon & Hoffmann 2013;Bitner & Romanin 2018;Álvarez 2016;Simon et al. 2016Simon et al. , 2018. Recently it has also been recognized in the Madagascar area (Bitner & Logan 2016 Remarks. This species is rare in the Tonga material, and is represented only by immature specimens. ...
Twenty species of Recent brachiopods belonging to the genera Neoancistrocrania, Basiliola, Basiliolella, Dyscolia, Abyssothyris, Xenobrochus, Terebratulina, Fallax, Septicollarina, Frenulina, Amphithyris, Annuloplatidia, Leptothyrella, Dallina, Campages, Thecidellina and Minutella have been identified in the material collected during the French cruise BORDAU 2 to the Tonga Islands, South-West Pacific. Apart from Frenulina sanguinolenta all species represent the first records for the Tonga Islands. The investigated brachiopod fauna shows the greatest affinity to that from Fiji and New Caledonia, having 16 and 12 species in common, respectively. Although less affinity is observed with the New Zealand fauna, there are two species, Terebratulina australis and Amphithyris buckmani reported so far only from New Zealand, Fiji and Tonga. The biodiversity of brachiopods in Tonga is similar to that in Fiji but half as great as that in New Caledonia and New Zealand regions and much higher than in French Polynesia.
... Finally, the most recent study dealing with brachiopods from southern and northern Madagascar, as well as from off the Mozambique coast, has been published by Bitner & Logan (2016). The material described in this paper was dredged mostly in relatively deep water and more rarely in shallow water stations (Bitner & Logan 2016, pp. ...
... Although the Mozambique Channel is not frequently prospected by marine expeditions, numerous brachiopods have already been collected from this area but generally from rather deep waters (Bitner & Logan 2016). For this reason, thecideide brachiopods remain undescribed except for Thecidellina europa Logan et al., 2015. ...
For the first time large numbers of thecideide brachiopods have been collected from the Mozambique Channel, more particularly from the western part of the Comorian Island of Mayotte (France). The moderately diverse brachiopod fauna is from a submarine cave situated on the second barrier reef encircling this island, with three different genera being found: Thecidellina, Ospreyella and Minutella. The last genus is represented by M. cf. minuta (Cooper, 1981), which was first discovered around Madagascar. Ospreyella is represented by a new species (O. mayottensis sp. nov.) as is Thecidellina, which is represented by T. leipnitzae sp. nov. This species is markedly distinct from T. europa Logan et al., 2015 from Europa Island in the southern Mozambique Channel (1,200 km south of Mayotte), providing an example of allopatric speciation in an isolated cryptic habitat.
... Remarks. Eucalathis is a widely distributed cosmopolitan genus in the present-day oceans with 16 different species (Logan 2007;Bitner & Logan 2016), but its fossil record is very poorly known and its fossil occurrence is limited. Eucalathis was indicated from the Paleogene (Eocene) in the revised Treatise (Lee et al. 2006a) referring to Cooper (1988) who published two uncertain Eucalathis species from North and South Carolina in the USA. ...
After a small brachiopod fauna was published in 2010 from the Tortonian Sant'Agata Fossili Formation of Tetti Borelli (N Italy), two new and more numerous brachiopod collections turned up from this locality. The Roest Collection in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Leiden, the Netherlands), and the Pavia-Giuntelli Collection in the Department of Earth Sciences of Torino University (Torino, Italy) contain 199 and 131 specimens, respectively. Based on the study of these collections, the Tetti Borelli brachiopod fauna is now much better known and more diverse. Additionally to the previously described six species (Cryptopora lovisati, Eucalathis aff. tauriniensis, Megathiris detruncata, Joania aff. falunica, Megerlia truncata, Lacazella mediterranea), another four taxa have been found (Lingula sp., Terebratulina retusa, Joania cordata, Argyrotheca sp.), and a new Megathyrididae genus and species (Borellithyris gaetanii n. gen. n. sp.) has been discovered. Another new species (Eucalathis giulioi n. sp.) is introduced on the basis of a dorsal valve of the Roest Collection and a previously illustrated ventral valve from the Janssen Collection. This is the sixth known fossil Eucalathis species, most of which are described on the basis of a few specimens. The Tetti Borelli brachiopods are mostly resedimented with different degree of transport, but the minute rhynchonellide Cryptopora seems to be more or less autochthonous.
