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A-E. Chamaecrista orbiculata var. orbiculata. A. Habit and habitat. B. Detail of inflorescence; note the vinaceous buds and large flowers. C. Flower. D. Flower buds; note the villous trichomes. E. Fruits; note the large secretory trichomes. F-J. Chamaecrista claussenii var. megacycla. F. Habit and habitat; note the large inflorescence and the leaves at the base of the plant. G. Leaves; note only two pairs of leaflets. H. Detail of inflorescence; note the greenish buds. I. Flower. J. Fruit; note the absence of trichomes. Photographs taken by Marcos J. Silva and Alessandro O. Souza.
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Chamaecrista tocantinensis, a new species of Chamaecrista sect. Absus subsect. Absus ser. Paniculatae endemic to the Jalapão region in the state of Tocantins, Northern Brazil, is herein described and illustrated. The systematic position, conservation status, flowering and fruiting period, geographical distribution, and morphological relationships o...
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... 42distributed in panicles, and glandular trichomes on young branches, the axis of the inflorescence, and on pedicels. Among the species of Chamaecrista ser. Paniculatae, C. tocantinensis is most similar morphologically to C. orbiculata var. orbiculata (Fig. 4A-E) and C. claussenii var. megacycla (Fig. 4F-J). With C. orbiculata, the new species shares the arboreal habit, stems with conspicuously longitudinally fissured bark, and leaflet shape, whereas with C. claussenii it shares the delicate and small flowers, delicate inflorescences, and sometimes the leaflet shape. The new species can be ...
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... 42distributed in panicles, and glandular trichomes on young branches, the axis of the inflorescence, and on pedicels. Among the species of Chamaecrista ser. Paniculatae, C. tocantinensis is most similar morphologically to C. orbiculata var. orbiculata (Fig. 4A-E) and C. claussenii var. megacycla (Fig. 4F-J). With C. orbiculata, the new species shares the arboreal habit, stems with conspicuously longitudinally fissured bark, and leaflet shape, whereas with C. claussenii it shares the delicate and small flowers, delicate inflorescences, and sometimes the leaflet shape. The new species can be differentiated from both species by the ...
Context 3
... 42distributed in panicles, and glandular trichomes on young branches, the axis of the inflorescence, and on pedicels. Among the species of Chamaecrista ser. Paniculatae, C. tocantinensis is most similar morphologically to C. orbiculata var. orbiculata (Fig. 4A-E) and C. claussenii var. megacycla (Fig. 4F-J). With C. orbiculata, the new species shares the arboreal habit, stems with conspicuously longitudinally fissured bark, and leaflet shape, whereas with C. claussenii it shares the delicate and small flowers, delicate inflorescences, and sometimes the leaflet shape. The new species can be ...
Context 4
... 42distributed in panicles, and glandular trichomes on young branches, the axis of the inflorescence, and on pedicels. Among the species of Chamaecrista ser. Paniculatae, C. tocantinensis is most similar morphologically to C. orbiculata var. orbiculata (Fig. 4A-E) and C. claussenii var. megacycla (Fig. 4F-J). With C. orbiculata, the new species shares the arboreal habit, stems with conspicuously longitudinally fissured bark, and leaflet shape, whereas with C. claussenii it shares the delicate and small flowers, delicate inflorescences, and sometimes the leaflet shape. The new species can be differentiated from both species by the ...
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... Furthermore, it is important to highlight that the great sampling effort by Antar and Sano (2019) Rocha and Arbo). Most of them were described based on only a single or few gatherings (Devecchi and Pirani 2015, Araújo et al. 2016, Mendes et al. 2017, Moreira et al. 2017, Barbosa-Silva and Antar 2020, Marques-Silva et al. 2020, Rocha et al. 2020, Pastore and Antar 2021, as is the case of the S. longibracteata. Therefore, the finding of S. longibracteata alongside these several new species in the Jalapão region may stimulate conservation and botanical sampling efforts in this floristically rich region of the Cerrado domain (Antar and Sano 2019). ...
Among the Brazilian Stachytarpheta, the small group of species treated as the Stachytarpheta longispicata complex is morphologically recognised by its inflorescences with pedicellate flowers. This character is also present in S. longibracteata and S. rizzoi, two new species herein described based on the morphological species concept. Both species have a restricted distribution in the Cerrado domain, with S. longibracetata found in the Jalapão region (State of Tocantins) and S. rizzoi in the Serra Dourada region (State of Goiás). Detailed diagnosis, morphological comparisons, line drawings, ecological and taxonomic data, provisional conservation status, and a distribution map are provided for each new species. With these findings, we improve the taxonomy of the S. longispicata complex by increasing the number of known species to seven, and providing an identification key for this peculiar group with pedicellate flowers exclusive to the Cerrado.
... Representative Distribution and ecology:-Chamaecrista tocantinensis was cited by Mendes et al. (2017) only for the state of Tocantins (municipalities of Novo Acordo and Ponte Alta do Tocantins), in the region of Jalapão. However, has its distribution here extended to the states of Goiás and Piauí (Fig. 36B). ...
Chamaecrista (L.) Moench is one of the largest genera of Leguminosae, with about 330 species, 258 of which are present in Brazil, mainly in Savanna areas in the central portion of the country. The genus is monophyletic and comprises six sections, including Ch. cect. Absus, the biggest one with ca. 180 species divided into four subsections and 31 series. Paniculatae series, as traditionally recognized, included 6 species (12 taxa). However, it recently had its circumscription changed from a phylogenetic study that made it a monophyletic group and subordinated 13 species recognized mainly by the generally large leaflets (1.5–9.3 × 1.2–9.5 cm long), orbicular, coriaceous and divaricate, young branches and axis of inflorescences viscous and flowers with posterior petal similar to a standard. Despite this, and considering the recent changes, its species remain scarcely known taxonomically, with typification problems, poorly illustrated and mapped, and without conservation status. A taxonomic review of Ch. ser. Paniculatae, which resulted from monthly collections since 2010, consult the literature and herbaria collections from 26 herbaria, including all types. Thirteen species were recognized, described, and illustrated, represented by images, contrasted by means of a key and commented on morphological relationships, geographic distribution, state of conservation and times of flowering and fruiting. In addition, the updated typification of the group is proposed, including four lectotypifications.
... Absus ser. Paniculatae is here represented by all the taxa attributed to it by and by Mendes et al. (2017) The species Ch. lundii and Ch. cotinifolia share small flowers (up to 3.8 cm long), with thin pedicels, concentrically arranged petals, the adaxial petal undifferentiated from the others petals, typical and robust racemes with black setose trichomes, reason why they are not related to the clade Paniculatae, whose species have big flowers (up 7 cm long) with robust pedicels, adaxial petal like a standard, inflorescence paniculate with brownish, canescent or golden setose or setulose trichomes, or resin-dotted. ...
... The subclade 1 (Fig. 1) includes some taxa recognized by in the Paniculatae series, as well as Ch. tocantinensis, species recently described and positioned in this series by Mendes et al. (2017). Except for Ch. ...
Chamaecrista is a monophyletic genus, comprises approximately 330 tropical species classified into six sections of which
Chamaecrista sect. Absus is the largest of them with 190 species, four subsections, and 31 series. Series Paniculatae comprises
seven species (13 taxa) mainly distributed in the Brazilian Savanna and has been pointed as a paraphyletic group in a
preliminary study about Chamaecrista. We propose a phylogenetic reconstruction of Paniculatae in order to test its monophyly
based on a larger sample, to verify its relationships with other series, and to better define its systematic position in
the genus. We sampled 74 taxa: 68 species of Chamaecrista (including all species of the series Paniculatae), six of Senna,
and one of Cassia. Phylogenetic relationships of this taxa were explored using Maximum Parsimony (MP) and Bayesian
analyses of nuclear ITS and plastidial trnL-trnF sequences, and the divergence time was estimate. Paniculatae emerge as a
paraphyletic group in all analyses. Consequently, we are herein redefining the series Paniculatae in a monophyletic group
with 13 morphologically well-defined species, divided into two genetically and geographically structured subclades. Divergence
time analyses suggested that the clade Paniculatae, as defined here, originated ca. 6.2 million years ago, and had two
main diversification events consistent with the recovered subclades. We propose the ranking of the varieties belonging to
Ch. claussenii, Ch. orbiculata and Ch. rigidifolia at the level of species supported by morphological characteristics and large
ranges of distribution, as well as phylogenetic relationships observed. We believe that our results enhanced the understanding
both origin of the species of Paniculatae series, as well as of local species distribution in the Cerrado Biome.
... Sampaio, personal communication) except a one-time addendum of new collection efforts bringing the total of plant species for all physionogmies in Jalapão to 463 (Seplan 2003), and a limited number of new collecting expeditions ). Nevertheless, a relatively large number of new species have been described from the region or rediscovered there recently (e.g., Proença et al. 2007;França & Proença 2007;Araujo & Souza 2007;Yamamoto et al. 2008;Rua et al. 2008;Vieira & Souza 2008;Devecchi & Pirani 2015;Borges & Antar 2016;Araújo et al. 2016;Mendes et al. 2017;Moreira et al. 2017;Antar et al. 2017) highlighting its incomplete floristic knowledge ). Thus, our work represents an important contribution to the understanding of the biodiversity within this botanically underexplored, highly threatened region within the Cerrado domain. ...
This study provides a checklist of angiosperm species from Jalapão region, Tocantins, Brazil, inserted within the Cerrado biome, a global biodiversity hotspot. The region of Jalapão is still well preserved despite current threats to its biodiversity, however its plant diversity is still poorly understood. To generate the present checklist, fieldwork was carried out and relevant herbarium collections were consulted. Angiosperms distributed in the grassland and savanna physiognomies with dry, non-rocky soils were recorded. We detected 550 species within 85 families. The richest families are Leguminosae, Poaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Malpighiaceae and Euphorbiaceae. Among the plant species, ten are listed as rare, ten are threatened, and twelve were identified as new to science. This study increases the number of angiosperm species occurring in these vegetation types in Jalapão almost 2-fold compared to previous inventories. The Cerrado biome and Jalapão region are under heavy threat due to agricultural expansion, and our study contributes to the knowledge of plant biodiversity as a fundamental step towards designing and carrying out conservation actions.
... Brazil is an important diversity center of Chamaecrista, with 259 species, of which 216 are endemic, mainly to the Cerrado Phytogeographical Domain (Brazilian Savannas), where 223 species have been already reported (BFG 2015, Irwin & Barneby 1982. However, in view of its morphological diversity and large capacity to colonize environments (Irwin & Barneby 1982), a lot has yet to be discovered about this genus, especially in Central Brazil, where some new species have been revealed recently (Silva & Souza 2014, Souza & Silva 2015aand 2015b, Mendes et al. 2017, Souza & Silva 2018, as in the state of Tocantins, in the northern region, where the richness of this genus was recently increased with ten new records of the described species (Mendes et al. 2017). ...
... Brazil is an important diversity center of Chamaecrista, with 259 species, of which 216 are endemic, mainly to the Cerrado Phytogeographical Domain (Brazilian Savannas), where 223 species have been already reported (BFG 2015, Irwin & Barneby 1982. However, in view of its morphological diversity and large capacity to colonize environments (Irwin & Barneby 1982), a lot has yet to be discovered about this genus, especially in Central Brazil, where some new species have been revealed recently (Silva & Souza 2014, Souza & Silva 2015aand 2015b, Mendes et al. 2017, Souza & Silva 2018, as in the state of Tocantins, in the northern region, where the richness of this genus was recently increased with ten new records of the described species (Mendes et al. 2017). ...
Taxonomic studies in the genus Chamaecrista based on botanical collections from its endemic area, detailed analysis of our own collections and of herbaria, and in specialized literature enabled the discovery of a new species in the State of Tocantins, Brazil. The new species Chamaecrista pauciflora is herein described, illustrated, assigned to Chamaecrista sect. Absus subsect. Absus ser. Rigidulae and compared with C. azulana and C. filicifolia. The geographical distribution, conservation status, period of flowering and fruiting, morphological relationships, and environmental preferences of the new species are also provided. Additionally, a key to the species of Chamaecrista ser. Rigidulae occurring in Tocantins is presented.
All non-mimosoid nodulated genera in the legume subfamily Caesalpinioideae confine their rhizobial symbionts within cell wall-bound “fixation threads” (FTs). The exception is the large genus Chamaecrista in which shrubs and subshrubs house their rhizobial bacteroids more intimately within symbiosomes, whereas large trees have FTs. This study aimed to unravel the evolutionary relationships between Chamaecrista growth habit, habitat, nodule bacteroid type, and rhizobial genotype. The growth habit, bacteroid anatomy, and rhizobial symbionts of 30 nodulated Chamaecrista species native to different biomes in the Brazilian state of Bahia, a major centre of diversity for the genus, was plotted onto an ITS-TrnL-F-derived phylogeny of Chamaecrista. The bacteroids from most of the Chamaecrista species examined were enclosed in symbiosomes (SYM-type nodules), but those in arborescent species in the section Apoucouita, at the base of the genus, were enclosed in cell wall material containing homogalacturonan (HG) and cellulose (FT-type nodules). Most symbionts were Bradyrhizobium genotypes grouped according to the growth habits of their hosts, but the tree, C. eitenorum, was nodulated by Paraburkholderia. Chamaecrista has a range of growth habits that allow it to occupy several different biomes and to co-evolve with a wide range of (mainly) bradyrhizobial symbionts. FTs represent a less intimate symbiosis linked with nodulation losses, so the evolution of SYM-type nodules by most Chamaecrista species may have (a) aided the genus-wide retention of nodulation, and (b) assisted in its rapid speciation and radiation out of the rainforest into more diverse and challenging habitats.
Este tratamento é composto pelos seguintes táxons: Chamaecrista, Chamaecrista absus, Chamaecrista acosmifolia, Chamaecrista adenophylla, Chamaecrista adiantifolia, Chamaecrista aiarana, Chamaecrista altoana, Chamaecrista amabilis, Chamaecrista amiciella, Chamaecrista amorimii, Chamaecrista amphibola, Chamaecrista anamariae, Chamaecrista anceps, Chamaecrista andersonii, Chamaecrista andromedea, Chamaecrista anfracta, Chamaecrista arboae, Chamaecrista aristata, Chamaecrista arrojadoana, Chamaecrista aspidiifolia, Chamaecrista aspleniifolia, Chamaecrista astrochiton, Chamaecrista atroglandulosa, Chamaecrista auris-zerdae, Chamaecrista aurivilla, Chamaecrista axilliflora, Chamaecrista azulana, Chamaecrista bahiae, Chamaecrista barbata, Chamaecrista barnebyana, Chamaecrista basifolia, Chamaecrista belemii, Chamaecrista belladonna, Chamaecrista benthamiana, Chamaecrista benthamii, Chamaecrista bifoliola, Chamaecrista blanchetii, Chamaecrista botryoides, Chamaecrista boyanii, Chamaecrista brachyblepharis, Chamaecrista brachyrachis, Chamaecrista brachystachya, Chamaecrista bracteolata, Chamaecrista brevicalyx, Chamaecrista burchellii, Chamaecrista caespitosa, Chamaecrista caiapo, Chamaecrista calixtana, Chamaecrista calycioides, Chamaecrista campestris, Chamaecrista campicola, Chamaecrista caracensis, Chamaecrista cardiostegia, Chamaecrista carobinha, Chamaecrista caspariifolia, Chamaecrista catapodia, Chamaecrista cathartica, Chamaecrista catharticoides, Chamaecrista catiarae, Chamaecrista catolesensis, Chamaecrista cavalcantina, Chamaecrista chaetostegia, Chamaecrista chapadae, Chamaecrista choriophylla, Chamaecrista chrysosepala, Chamaecrista ciliolata, Chamaecrista cinerascens, Chamaecrista claussenii, Chamaecrista compitalis, Chamaecrista conferta, Chamaecrista confertiformis, Chamaecrista coradinii, Chamaecrista cordistipula, Chamaecrista coriacea, Chamaecrista cotinifolia, Chamaecrista crenulata, Chamaecrista cristalinae, Chamaecrista crommyotricha, Chamaecrista cultrifolia, Chamaecrista cuprea, Chamaecrista curvifolia, Chamaecrista cyclophylla, Chamaecrista cytisoides, Chamaecrista dalbergiifolia, Chamaecrista dawsonii, Chamaecrista debilis, Chamaecrista decora, Chamaecrista decrescens, Chamaecrista decumbens, Chamaecrista deltoidea, Chamaecrista densifolia, Chamaecrista dentata, Chamaecrista depauperata, Chamaecrista desertorum, Chamaecrista desvauxii, Chamaecrista didyma, Chamaecrista diphylla, Chamaecrista distichoclada, Chamaecrista duartei, Chamaecrista duckeana, Chamaecrista dumalis, Chamaecrista echinocarpa, Chamaecrista egleri, Chamaecrista eitenorum, Chamaecrista elachistophylla, Chamaecrista elata, Chamaecrista ensiformis, Chamaecrista ericifolia, Chamaecrista exsudans, Chamaecrista fagonioides, Chamaecrista feliciana, Chamaecrista filicifolia, Chamaecrista flammata, Chamaecrista flexuosa, Chamaecrista floribunda, Chamaecrista fodinarum, Chamaecrista foederalis, Chamaecrista fragilis, Chamaecrista frondosa, Chamaecrista fulgida, Chamaecrista fuscescens, Chamaecrista geminata, Chamaecrista geraldoi, Chamaecrista gilliesii, Chamaecrista glandulosa, Chamaecrista glaucofilix, Chamaecrista glaziovii, Chamaecrista gonoclada, Chamaecrista gumminans, Chamaecrista gymnothyrsa, Chamaecrista harmsiana, Chamaecrista hassleri, Chamaecrista hatschbachii, Chamaecrista hedysaroides, Chamaecrista herpestia, Chamaecrista hispidula, Chamaecrista howardii, Chamaecrista huntii, Chamaecrista hymenaeifolia, Chamaecrista imbricans, Chamaecrista incana, Chamaecrista incurvata, Chamaecrista ipanorensis, Chamaecrista irwiniana, Chamaecrista isidorea, Chamaecrista itabiritoana, Chamaecrista itambana, Chamaecrista jacobinea, Chamaecrista juruenensis, Chamaecrista kunthiana, Chamaecrista labouriaeae, Chamaecrista lagotois, Chamaecrista lamprosperma, Chamaecrista latifolia, Chamaecrista latistipula, Chamaecrista lavradiiflora, Chamaecrista lavradioides, Chamaecrista lentiscifolia, Chamaecrista leucopilis, Chamaecrista linearifolia, Chamaecrista linearis, Chamaecrista lomatopoda, Chamaecrista longicuspis, Chamaecrista longistyla, Chamaecrista lundii, Chamaecrista macedoi, Chamaecrista machaeriifolia, Chamaecrista microsenna, Chamaecrista mollicaulis, Chamaecrista monticola, Chamaecrista mucronata, Chamaecrista multinervia, Chamaecrista multipennis, Chamaecrista multiseta, Chamaecrista myrophenges, Chamaecrista nanodes, Chamaecrista neesiana, Chamaecrista negrensis, Chamaecrista nictitans, Chamaecrista nuda, Chamaecrista nummulariifolia, Chamaecrista obolaria, Chamaecrista obtecta, Chamaecrista ochnacea, Chamaecrista ochrosperma, Chamaecrista olesiphylla, Chamaecrista oligandra, Chamaecrista oligosperma, Chamaecrista onusta, Chamaecrista oppositifolia, Chamaecrista orbiculata, Chamaecrista pachyclada, Chamaecrista paniculata, Chamaecrista paraunana, Chamaecrista parvistipula, Chamaecrista pascuorum, Chamaecrista pauciflora, Chamaecrista petiolata, Chamaecrista philippi, Chamaecrista phyllostachya, Chamaecrista pilicarpa, Chamaecrista pilosa, Chamaecrista planaltoana, Chamaecrista planifolia, Chamaecrista pohliana, Chamaecrista polita, Chamaecrista polymorpha, Chamaecrista polystachya, Chamaecrista potentilla, Chamaecrista psoraleopsis, Chamaecrista punctata, Chamaecrista punctulifera, Chamaecrista ramosa, Chamaecrista repens, Chamaecrista roncadorensis, Chamaecrista roraimae, Chamaecrista rossicorum, Chamaecrista rotundata, Chamaecrista rotundifolia, Chamaecrista rufa, Chamaecrista rugosula, Chamaecrista rupertiana, Chamaecrista rupestrium, Chamaecrista salvatoris, Chamaecrista scabra, Chamaecrista scleroxylon, Chamaecrista secunda, Chamaecrista semaphora, Chamaecrista serpens, Chamaecrista seticrenata, Chamaecrista setosa, Chamaecrista simplifacta, Chamaecrista sincorana, Chamaecrista sophoroides, Chamaecrista souzana, Chamaecrista sparsifolia, Chamaecrista speciosa, Chamaecrista spinulosa, Chamaecrista spodiotricha, Chamaecrista stillifera, Chamaecrista strictifolia, Chamaecrista strictula, Chamaecrista subdecrescens, Chamaecrista subpeltata, Chamaecrista supplex, Chamaecrista swainsonii, Chamaecrista tenuicaulis, Chamaecrista tenuisepala, Chamaecrista tephrosiifolia, Chamaecrista tocantinensis, Chamaecrista tomentella, Chamaecrista trachycarpa, Chamaecrista tragacanthoides, Chamaecrista transversa, Chamaecrista trichopoda, Chamaecrista truncata, Chamaecrista ulmea, Chamaecrista unijuga, Chamaecrista urophyllidia, Chamaecrista ursina, Chamaecrista vauthieri, Chamaecrista venatoria, Chamaecrista venulosa, Chamaecrista verruculosa, Chamaecrista vestita, Chamaecrista virginis, Chamaecrista viscosa, Chamaecrista xinguensis, Chamaecrista zygophylloides.
O Cerrado é considerado como um dos hotspots mundiais e os seus remanescentes desempenham importante papel na conservação e manutenção da biodiversidade. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar por meio da síndrome de dispersão, floração e frutificação das espécies, como que as áreas do norte de Minas Gerais atuam na conservação do Cerrado. O estudo foi realizado em quatro áreas no munícipio de Montes Claros, por meio do inventário florestal. As espécies amostradas foram classificadas quanto à dispersão em: zoocóricas, anemocóricas e autocóricas. Determinou-se a época de floração e frutificação. Foram amostrados um total de 3452 indivíduos considerando todas as áreas, distribuídos em 164 espécies e 48 famílias. As famílias mais representativas foram a Fabaceae e Vochysiaceae, com 35 e 23 espécies, respectivamente. Em relação a síndrome de dispersão, para as áreas I e III a maioria apresentou o comportamento de anemocóricas, já para as áreas II e IV houve maior representatividade de zoocóricas. As espécies apresentaram fenofases de frutificação e floração similares, tendo distribuição ao longo de todo o ano. Assim, o estudo permitiu inferir sobre a disponibilidade de propágulos ao longo do ano. Além disso, é notável a importância em se conservar as áreas, visto que estas apresentam uma quantidade significativa de espécies zoocóricas, colaborando com a dispersão de sementes e consequente conservação e estabelecimento de espécies na região do estudo.
