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A-D: Subfamily Pitcairnioideae-A. Dyckia oscari flowering in the Salto Grande range, Buenópolis. B. Dyckia oscari flowering on the slope of the Serra do Cabral. C. Encholirium subsecundum. D. Pitcairnia burchellii. (Photos: Elidio Guarçoni and Marcos A. Sartori).
Source publication
An illustrated checklist of the species of Bromeliaceae from the Serra do Cabral, Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil is presented, including 20 species in 11 genera from three subfamilies. Subfamilies Tillandsioideae and Bromelioideae each contain eight species, which mainly inhabit rocky fields. Tillandsia is the most diverse genus, with six...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... oscari Guarçoni & Sartori, sp. nov. (Fig. 2a & b, 8 and 9 on both surfaces, obscuring the color of the leaf, or glabrous to sparingly lepidote on the adaxial surface, green with basal third of the adaxial surface cinereaus green or reddish tinged leaves, the upper ones canaliculate, apex acuminate, pungent, margins densely spinose; spines complanate, 1-2 mm long, 0.4-0.9 mm wide at the base, ...
Citations
... Several endemics and rare species were recently discovered in the SC (Echternacht et al. 2011;Trovó et al. 2012;Noblick et al. 2014;Costa et al. 2018;Guarçoni and Sartori 2020;Firmo et al. 2021;. In the last decade, two new endemic species of Arecaceae (Butia buenopolensis B.F.Sant' Anna-Santos and Syagrus cabraliensis (Noblick & Lorenzi) B.F.Sant' Anna-Santos) were described in this area, both known from a single population severely impacted by anthropogenic threats . ...
... on the northern SCNoblick 2017a;Sant' Anna-Santos et al. 2023). It is not the first case of a species that occurs only in the northern or the southern part of the SC, an area recognised by the presence of narrow endemicsCosta et al. 2018;Guarçoni and Sartori 2020;. These endemic dwarf palms of the campos rupestres of the Espinhaço Range revealed a set of rare characters(Noblick 2009(Noblick , 2017aNoblick and Lorenzi 2010;Noblick et al. 2014;Firmo et al. 2021;Sant' Anna-Santos et al. 2023). ...
Background and aims – This study is part of ongoing research on the Arecaceae Flora of the Serra do Cabral, an isolated massif in the southwest of the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais State. Because of the isolation of the massif, the area has a rich biodiversity and a high level of endemism. While searching for populations of the rare and critically endangered Syagrus cabraliensis , a new bluish-leaved palm species was discovered and it is described here.
Material and methods – The new species’ morphology is described based on field collections. The pinnae were analysed using SEM and LM cross- and longitudinal sections following default methodology. In addition, we compared the species to S. cabraliensis and provided ecological notes and a conservation status assessment.
Key results – Syagrus carvalhoi resembles S. cabraliensis but they can easily be distinguished by morphoanatomical characters. Both species occur non-sympatrically in the Serra do Cabral, in contrasting microhabitats: S. carvalhoi in the southern quartzitic campos rupestres and S. cabraliensis in the northern ferruginous campos rupestres. A key to the known grass-like Syagrus species from the massif is provided. Based on the restricted area of occurrence and the anthropogenic threats, Syagrus carvalhoi is assessed as critically endangered.
Conclusion – Syagrus carvalhoi is the second grass-like endemic Syagrus species from the Serra do Cabral and presents rare characters within the genus (grass-like aspect, colonial habit, flowers in tetrads, and the stem forking at or below the ground). This discovery corroborates that this isolated OCBIL is a home for endemic and rare palm species. The Serra do Cabral massif has proved a source of morphological and anatomical novelties in Arecaceae, affecting the taxonomy and understanding of the evolution and ecology of palms. Our results reinforce the notion that it is important to conserve this area with rich and rare biodiversity but under alarming and unprecedented threats.
... Both areas have remarkable similarities in soil composition, climate and altitude (Hatschbach et al. 2006;Cruz et al. 2018). Several new surveys of this regions' flora showed a great amount of new species described for several groups (Bove et al. 2006, Fortuna-Perez andTozzi 2008;Ferrucci and Somner 2010;Loeuille et al. 2011;Fidanza et al. 2013;Pacifico et al. 2018Pacifico et al. , 2019Guarçoni and Sartori 2020), justifying the need for more field work and plant collections in this highly overlooked region. Records of Arecaceae from the SpeciesLink Network (2020) show fewer records in the southern region of Serra do Cabral (municipality of Buenópolis) in comparison with its northern region (municipality of Joaquim Felício). ...
Butia buenopolensis, a new dwarf Arecaceae species, is described. Butia buenopolensis occurs in the Serra do Cabral mountain range in Buenópolis municipatility, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Despite its diminutive size, it has arched yellowish-green leaves and pinnae not as narrow as the species of the grass-like Butia. The new species is closely related to B. archeri, based on morphology, phenology (flowering time) and habitat. They differ in leaf anatomy, plant size, color and size of inflorescence. Some novelties in Butia flower morphology, such as striated cuticle of anthers, functional staminodes presenting evidence of secretory activity, raphides on the petals of pistillate flowers and the cappilinection adhesion of petal margins, were introduced here and suggested as a new approach for future taxonomical and evolutionary studies of this genus. The isolated and small groups of fibers in the mesophyll and a non-vascular fiber bundle connected to the adaxial epidermis in the leaf midrib have not been found in any other Butia so far. The one population recorded for the new species is restricted to an area near the limits of Serra do Cabral State Park, clearly vulnerable to different forms of anthropic pressure. So, it is strongly recommended an extension in area of Serra do Cabral State Park to include the B. buenopolensis range of occurrence within its borders.
The The Poti River Canyon State Park (24,772.23 ha), located in the municipality of Buriti dos Montes, is an important Conservation and Environmental Protection Unity in the State of Piauí. Therefore, this research purpose was to identify the angiosperms species which occurr in rocky outcrops in the aforementioned Park. The collection, herborization, identification and classification of specimens was followed the usual specialized literature. The specimens are deposited in the Herbarium Prof. Aylthon Brandão Joly, located on the Center for Superior Studies of Caxias, CESC / UEMA. The park's angiosperm flora is composed by the 96 species, distributed in 82 genera and 34 families. Among these, 85.4% (82 spp.) are eudicotiledonous and 14.6% (14 spp.) are monocotyledonous. The richest families in number of species were Fabaceae (21 spp.), Apocynaceae and Cactaceae (6 spp.); Bignoniaceae and Euphorbiaceae (5spp); Araceae, Anarcadiaceae, Boraginaceae, Cyperaceae and Malvaceae (4 spp.); Bromeliaceae and Rubiaceae (3 spp.), which together had a total of 71.9% of the species, while the others presented between one and two species (28.1%). For this study area, 8.3% (8 spp.) was the firts records for Piauí state, they are Astrocaryum vulgare Mart., Cyperus pohlii (Ness) Steud., Cryptostegia madagascariensis Bojer, Cordia oncocalyx Allemão, Ibatia ganglinosa (Vell.) Morillo, Piptadenia retusa P.G.Ribeiro, Seigler & Ebinger, Vitex gardneriana Schaue e Waltheria operculata Rose as its representants. 14,6% (14 spp.) are endemic to the Caatinga and 5,2% (5 spp.) are new species records for it. This is the first floristic study for the municipality, which contributes with important information to the area of rocky outcrops, increasing the occurrence and the geographic distribution of the species in Brazil.
The Syagrus glaucescens complex comprises three species: Syagrus glaucescens Glaz. ex Becc., Syagrus duartei Glassman, and Syagrus evansiana Noblick. Recently, a new population of S. evansiana that possesses a high degree of endemism was reported in the Serra do Cabral mountain. Here we intend to study the leaf anatomy of the S. glaucescens complex and confirm whether this newly found population (from now on called Syagrus aff. evansiana) belongs to S. evansiana or not. Specimens were collected to investigate their leaf anatomy, which showed distinct differences between S. aff. evansiana and S. evansiana. The midrib anatomy revealed novelties for the S. glauscecens complex, proving useful for species diagnosis. Features such as accessory vascular bundles around the vascular system of the midrib and the number of collateral bundles are diagnostic for species identification. In addition, morphological and anatomical analyses indicated a correlation with the species occurrence. We found greater similarity between S. glaucescens and S. duartei, while S. evansiana and S. aff. evansiana are more alike. Here, we propose a new identification key based only on the leaf anatomy. Despite their morphological similarities, S. aff. evansiana and S. evansiana presented differences in leaf anatomy, which — when associated with their geographical isolation — suggests a fourth taxon in the complex.
