A–D, Agrostocynips robusta (Ashmead). A, habitus, female; B, close-up of head and mesosoma, female; C, female mesosoma, dorsal view; D, forewing of female, ventral view. E, A. diastrophi (Ashmead), forewing of female, ventral view. F, sympatric holly leafminers on Ilex cassine: linear mine (l) of Phytomyza opacae Kulp contrasted with two blotch mines (b) of Phytomyza n. sp. 1, a host of A. robusta.  

Contexts in source publication

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... rearing. As part of ongoing studies of Phytomyza leafminers of holly (Ilex spp., Aquifoliaceae; Fig. 2F) (Scheffer and Wiegmann 2000, Scheffer 2002, Scheffer and Hawthorne 2007 mined leaves were col- lected from various holly species from 1995 onward in the eastern coastal plains of the United States. Leaf- mines from the same host and collecting site were placed into self-sealing plastic bags and stored in a cooler until reaching the ...

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... Hyaline, with base of wing rarely darkened; setose (Fig. 2 D-E). R 1 complete; marginal cell as long as deep. Apical fringe present, medium in ...

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... Fore-and mid-coxa sub-equal in size, hind-coxa twice the size of either fore-or mid-coxa (Fig. 2 B). Fore coxa variously setose; mid and hind coxa with distinct lateral and posterior dorsoventral setal bands. Femora and tibiae with sparse setal lines; tarsomeres with dense appressed setae. Length of hind tarsomere 1 equal to the combined length of remaining hind tarsal ...

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... Differs from A. clavatus by the lack of an indication of the mesoscutal keel at the anterior margin of the mesoscutum (Fig. 1 F) (distinctly present in all specimens examined of A. clavatus); from A. robusta by the larger and more elongate scutellar plate (Fig. 1 E-F) (shorter and truncated posteriorly in A. robusta, Fig. 2 C), as well as the presence of 7-8 perimeter teeth on the dorsal surface of the scutellar plate ( Fig. 1 E-F) (4- 6 present in A. robusta ( Fig. 2 B); further differentiated from A. robusta by the more pronounced orbital fur- rows on the inner margins of the eyes (Fig. 1 C) (rarely present in A. ...

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... (Fig. 1 F) (distinctly present in all specimens examined of A. clavatus); from A. robusta by the larger and more elongate scutellar plate (Fig. 1 E-F) (shorter and truncated posteriorly in A. robusta, Fig. 2 C), as well as the presence of 7-8 perimeter teeth on the dorsal surface of the scutellar plate ( Fig. 1 E-F) (4- 6 present in A. robusta ( Fig. 2 B); further differentiated from A. robusta by the more pronounced orbital fur- rows on the inner margins of the eyes (Fig. 1 C) (rarely present in A. ...

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... United States (see material examined) and Northeastern Mexico (data not shown). Figure 2 A-D Diagnosis. Differs from A. clavatus by the lack of an indication of the mesoscutal keel at the anterior margin of the mesoscutum (distinctly present in all specimens examined of A. clavatus); from A. diastrophi by the smaller and posteriorly truncate scutellar plate (Fig. 2 C) (longer and rounded posteriorly in A. diastrophi, Fig. 1 E-F), as well as the presence of 4-6 perimeter teeth on the dorsal surface of the scutellar plate (Fig. 2 B) (7- 8 present in A. diastrophi, Fig. 1 E); further differentiated from A. diastrophi by the weak to absent orbital fur- rows on the inner margins of the eyes (nearly always well developed in A. diastrophi). ...

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... (see material examined) and Northeastern Mexico (data not shown). Figure 2 A-D Diagnosis. Differs from A. clavatus by the lack of an indication of the mesoscutal keel at the anterior margin of the mesoscutum (distinctly present in all specimens examined of A. clavatus); from A. diastrophi by the smaller and posteriorly truncate scutellar plate (Fig. 2 C) (longer and rounded posteriorly in A. diastrophi, Fig. 1 E-F), as well as the presence of 4-6 perimeter teeth on the dorsal surface of the scutellar plate (Fig. 2 B) (7- 8 present in A. diastrophi, Fig. 1 E); further differentiated from A. diastrophi by the weak to absent orbital fur- rows on the inner margins of the eyes (nearly ...

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... at the anterior margin of the mesoscutum (distinctly present in all specimens examined of A. clavatus); from A. diastrophi by the smaller and posteriorly truncate scutellar plate (Fig. 2 C) (longer and rounded posteriorly in A. diastrophi, Fig. 1 E-F), as well as the presence of 4-6 perimeter teeth on the dorsal surface of the scutellar plate (Fig. 2 B) (7- 8 present in A. diastrophi, Fig. 1 E); further differentiated from A. diastrophi by the weak to absent orbital fur- rows on the inner margins of the eyes (nearly always well developed in A. diastrophi). (Ahm.), Det. By M.L. Buffington 2003. The holotype is a male, in poor condition, consisting of only the metasoma and hind legs ...

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... Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachussets, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and Washington D.C. Biology. Reared from Phytomyza n. sp. 1 (sensu Scheffer & Wiegmann, 2000) on Ilex cassine and I. myr- tifolia (holly, Aquifoliaceae; SJS reared material, Fig. 2 F); from Phytomyza sp. on Solidago (goldenrod, Asteraceae); from Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) on Solanum americanum P. Mill. (American black nightshades, Solanaceae) and L. trifolii on Capsicum anuum L. (jalapeno and Cuban hots peppers, Solanaceae). Also recorded from an undetermined leafminer on Symphoricarpos (snowberry, ...

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... the leaves in these populations are so small (mined leaves ranging only to 27mm x 5mm), fully developed mines may encompass nearly the entire leaf. In con- trast, the I. cassine populations observed in central and southern Florida have very large leaves (mined leaves ranging to 110mm x 55mm), and on these plants Phytomyza n. sp 1 generally forms a type of blotch mine that conspicuously widens as the larva grows ( Figure 2F: "b"). Ilex cassine in Florida is also host to P. opacae Kulp which makes a serpentine linear mine that can usually be distinguished from that of Phytomyza n. sp. 1 by its much greater length and very gradual increase in width ( Figure 2F: "l"). ...

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... con- trast, the I. cassine populations observed in central and southern Florida have very large leaves (mined leaves ranging to 110mm x 55mm), and on these plants Phytomyza n. sp 1 generally forms a type of blotch mine that conspicuously widens as the larva grows ( Figure 2F: "b"). Ilex cassine in Florida is also host to P. opacae Kulp which makes a serpentine linear mine that can usually be distinguished from that of Phytomyza n. sp. 1 by its much greater length and very gradual increase in width ( Figure 2F: "l"). Populations observed in North Carolina and South Carolina often have intermediate leaf sizes, making species identification difficult; in col- lections of leafminers and parasitoids by SJS, these host plants with intermediate sized leaves are often referred to as Ilex cassine "medium." ...