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A & B, habit of Opegrapha dadoniicola (holotypus), ascomata on the podetia of Cladonia ochrochlora. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0-1 mm.
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A new species Opegrapha cladoniicola, lichenicolous on the podetia of Cladonia ochrochlora, is described from Hawaii. It is the first known Opegrapha species found growing on Cladonia.
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... NOTE. -This species was previously known only from two collections made in Hawaii and Papua New Guinea (Ertz & Diederich 2003 ...
The paper documents 62 species of lichenicolous fungi and one algicolous fungus found in the TNS lichen herbarium. Abrothallus hypotrachynae, Cornutispora pittii, Lichenopeltella cetrariae, L. uncialicola, Phaeospora catolechiae, Polycoccum microcarpum, Sclerococcum porphyreum, Stigmidium joergensenii and S. subcladoniicola are newly reported for Asia; Talpapellis beschiana is newly reported for South America. Additionally, we report new records from the following countries: Australia (Abrothallus cladoniae s.l.), Bhutan (Lichenostigma maureri and Tremella everniae), China (Sclerococcum ahtii and Stigmidium microcarpum).l. and Sclerococcum ahtii), Thailand (Nesolechia oxyspora), the U.S.A., all from Hawaii (Plectocarpon cladoniae, Sphaerellothecium cinerascens and Stigmidium subcladoniicola). Additionally, Lichenothelia rugosa and Pyrenidium actinellum s.l. are also new to Hawaii, U.S.A.; Abrothallus peyritschii, Sphaerellothecium minutum and S. cf. parmeliae are new to the Sakhalin Region of Russia. Abrothallus cladoniae s.l. is first reported from Cladia, and Cornutispora pittii from Cladonia.
... The chytrid fungus Batrachochytriuim dendrobatidis is reported from the introduced frog Eleutherodactylus coqui; this is the first report from wild populations in Hawai'i (Beard & O'Neill 2005). New species Opegrapha cladoniicola [Family Roccellaceae] from Cladonia ochrochlora from Läna'i (Ertz & Diederich 2003). New species Phoma billsii J. F. White described from soil from a sugarcane field on Maui (Torres et al. 2005). ...
... The chytrid fungus Batrachochytriuim dendrobatidis is reported from the introduced frog Eleutherodactylus coqui; this is the first report from wild populations in Hawai'i (Beard & O'Neill 2005). New species Opegrapha cladoniicola [Family Roccellaceae] from Cladonia ochrochlora from Läna'i (Ertz & Diederich 2003). New species Phoma billsii J. F. White described from soil from a sugarcane field on Maui (Torres et al. 2005). ...
As the result of several relatively recent botanical field surveys conducted within the Hawaiian archipelago, sixteen new vascular plant island records and two rediscoveries are presented in this paper. New island records include twelve non-native naturalized plant taxa; three Hawaiian endemics, including Dubautia laxa (Asteraceae), Gunnera petaloïdea (Gunneraceae), and Phyllostegia ambigua (Lamiaceae); and one indigenous species, Portulaca lutea (Portulacaceae). Two additional records represent significant endemic rediscoveries in the Hawaiian Islands, including Diellia erecta f. alexandri (Aspleniaceae) which was thought to be extinct on Kaua‘i after not being observed since 1886; and Phyllostegia helleri (Lamiaceae), unrecorded since 1916.
Zhurbenko, M. P., Diederich, P. & Gagarina, L. V. 2020. Lichenicolous fungi from Vietnam, with the description of four new species.-Herzogia 33: 525-543. Twenty six species of lichenicolous fungi are reported from Vietnam. Arthophacopsis heterodermiae (on Heterodermia; also known from Australia), Diplolaeviopsis vietnamensis (on Bathelium), Minutoexcipula kovalenkoi (on Lecanora) and Sclerococcum pseudosipmanii (on Parmotrema) are described as new to science. Cladophialophora cf. megalo-sporae and Microsphaeropsis cf. olivacea possibly represent undescribed species and are informally described and discussed. Lawreya glyphidiphila, Milospium lacoizquetae, Spirographa arsenii (also new to Papua New Guinea and the U.S.A.), S. intermedia s. lat. and S. pyramidalis are newly reported for Asia; Stigmidium microspilum is newly reported for South America (Brazil) and Hong Kong. Another 15 species are newly documented from Vietnam, including Opegrapha physciae, which is also new to Cape Verde, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. Zusammenfassung: Zhurbenko, M. P., Diederich, P. & Gagarina, L. V. 2020. Lichenicole Pilze aus Vietnam, mit Beschreibung von vier neuen Arten.-Herzogia 33: 525-543. Sechsundzwanzig Arten von lichenicolen Pilzen werden aus Vietnam dokumentiert. Arthophacopsis heterodermiae (auf Heterodermia; auch bekannt aus Australien), Diplolaeviopsis vietnamensis (auf Bathelium), Minutoexcipula ko-valenkoi (auf Lecanora) und Sclerococcum pseudosipmanii (auf Parmotrema) werden als neu für die Wissenschaft beschrieben. Cladophialophora cf. megalosporae und Microsphaeropsis cf. olivacea repräsentieren möglicherweise unbeschriebene Arten und werden informell beschrieben und diskutiert. Lawreya glyphidiphila, Milospium lacoiz-quetae, Spirographa arsenii (auch neu für Papua-Neuguinea und die USA), S. intermedia s. lat. und S. pyramida-lis werden erstmals für Asien dokumentiert; Stigmidium microspilum als neu für Südamerika (Brasilien) und für Hongkong. Weitere 15 Arten werden erstmals aus Vietnam angegeben, darunter Opegrapha physciae, die auch neu ist für die Kapverden, die Dominikanische Republik und Puerto Rico.
Zhurbenko, M. P., Diederich, P. & Gagarina, L. V. 2020. Lichenicolous fungi from Vietnam, with the description of four new species.-Herzogia 33: 525-543. Twenty six species of lichenicolous fungi are reported from Vietnam. Arthophacopsis heterodermiae (on Heterodermia; also known from Australia), Diplolaeviopsis vietnamensis (on Bathelium), Minutoexcipula kovalenkoi (on Lecanora) and Sclerococcum pseudosipmanii (on Parmotrema) are described as new to science. Cladophialophora cf. megalo-sporae and Microsphaeropsis cf. olivacea possibly represent undescribed species and are informally described and discussed. Lawreya glyphidiphila, Milospium lacoizquetae, Spirographa arsenii (also new to Papua New Guinea and the U.S.A.), S. intermedia s. lat. and S. pyramidalis are newly reported for Asia; Stigmidium microspilum is newly reported for South America (Brazil) and Hong Kong. Another 15 species are newly documented from Vietnam, including Opegrapha physciae, which is also new to Cape Verde, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. Zusammenfassung: Zhurbenko, M. P., Diederich, P. & Gagarina, L. V. 2020. Lichenicole Pilze aus Vietnam, mit Beschreibung von vier neuen Arten.-Herzogia 33: 525-543. Sechsundzwanzig Arten von lichenicolen Pilzen werden aus Vietnam dokumentiert. Arthophacopsis heterodermiae (auf Heterodermia; auch bekannt aus Australien), Diplolaeviopsis vietnamensis (auf Bathelium), Minutoexcipula ko-valenkoi (auf Lecanora) und Sclerococcum pseudosipmanii (auf Parmotrema) werden als neu für die Wissenschaft beschrieben. Cladophialophora cf. megalosporae und Microsphaeropsis cf. olivacea repräsentieren möglicherweise unbeschriebene Arten und werden informell beschrieben und diskutiert. Lawreya glyphidiphila, Milospium lacoiz-quetae, Spirographa arsenii (auch neu für Papua-Neuguinea und die USA), S. intermedia s. lat. und S. pyramida-lis werden erstmals für Asien dokumentiert; Stigmidium microspilum als neu für Südamerika (Brasilien) und für Hongkong. Weitere 15 Arten werden erstmals aus Vietnam angegeben, darunter Opegrapha physciae, die auch neu ist für die Kapverden, die Dominikanische Republik und Puerto Rico.
Lichenicolous fungi represent a highly specialized and successful group of organisms that live exclusively on lichens, most commonly as host-specific parasites, but also as broad-spectrum pathogens, saprotrophs or commensals. We present here the most recent update to the classification of lichenicolous fungi in the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota to genus level, arranged phylogenetically according to published classifications. For each genus, all known lichenicolous taxa (obligately lichenicolous taxa, lichenicolous lichens, and facultatively lichenicolous taxa) are listed, along with information about types, synonyms, pertinent literature and whether or not molecular data are available for any of the listed species. The number of accepted lichenicolous fungi is now 2319, with 2000 obligately lichenicolous species, subspecies or varieties, 257 lichenicolous lichens and 62 facultatively lichenicolous taxa. These species are found in 10 different classes of Fungi (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota), 55 orders, 115 families and 397 genera. The 2319 total taxa is an increase from the 1559 total species reported in the last published catalogue in 2003, and a larger number than the approximately 1800 reported in the most recent online checklist (www.lichenicolous.net) posted in January 2018. Of the total number of taxa, 2219 (96%) are ascomycetes and 100 (4%) are basidiomycetes. Of the 397 genera containing lichenicolous species, c. 50% (198) are entirely lichenicolous. In addition, six families (Abrothallaceae, Adelococcaceae, Cyphobasidiaceae, Obryzaceae, Polycoccaceae, Sarcopyreniaceae) and two orders (Abrothallales, Cyphobasidiales) are entirely lichenicolous. Sequence information is available for lichenicolous species in 128 (32%) of the 397 genera containing lichenicolous species, and in 56 (28%) of the 198 entirely lichenicolous genera. Many species are known from only one host lichen, but it is likely that broader host ecologies will be discovered as new sequence information is obtained from ongoing microbiome studies. Phaeopyxis Rambold & Triebel is considered as a new synonym of Bachmanniomyces D.Hawksw., resulting in five new combinations B. australis (Rambold & Triebel) Diederich & Pino-Bodas (≡ P. australis), B. carniolicus (Arnold) Diederich & Pino-Bodas (≡ Biatora carniolica), B. muscigenae (Alstrup & E.S.Hansen) Diederich & Pino-Bodas (≡ P. muscigenae), B. punctum (A.Massal.) Diederich & Pino-Bodas (≡ Nesolechia punctum) and B. varius (Coppins, Rambold & Triebel) Diederich & Pino-Bodas (≡ P. varia). As a consequence of a phylogenetic analysis including new sequences, Dactylospora Körb. is regarded as a new synonym of Sclerococcum Fr.: Fr., resulting in one new name (S. acarosporicola Ertz & Diederich) and 46 new combinations. Sclerococcaceae Réblová, Unter. & W.Gams is considered as a new synonym of Dactylosporaceae Bellem. & Hafellner. The new Sclerococcum ophthalmizae Coppins is described. Sclerophyton occidentale Herre is lectotypified on the lichenicolous fungus present in the type specimen and becomes a younger synonym of Sclerococcum parasiticum. A replacement name is Arthonia polydactylonis Diederich & Ertz (≡ A. ceracea). Further new combinations are Abrothallus lobariae (Diederich & Etayo) Diederich & Ertz (≡ Phoma lobariae), A. psoromatis (Zhurb. & U. Braun) Diederich & Zhurb. (≡ P. psoromatis), Asteroglobulus pyramidalis (Etayo) Diederich (≡ Cornutispora pyramidalis), Didymocyrtis grumantiana (Zhurb. & Diederich) Zhurb. & Diederich (≡ Phoma grumantiana), Epithamnolia atrolazulina (Etayo) Diederich (≡ Hainesia atrolazulina), Gyalolechia epiplacynthium (Etayo) Diederich (≡ Fulgensia epiplacynthium), Nesolechia doerfeltii (Alstrup & P.Scholz) Diederich (≡ Phacopsis doerfeltii), N. falcispora (Triebel & Rambold) Diederich (≡ P. falcispora), N. oxyspora var. fusca (Triebel & Rambold) Diederich (≡ P. oxyspora var. fusca), Preussia peltigerae (Brackel) Diederich (≡ Sporormiella peltigerae), Scutula curvispora (D.Hawksw. & Miadl.) Diederich (≡ Libertiella curvispora), S. didymospora (D.Hawksw. & Miadl.) Diederich (≡ L. didymospora), Stigmidium haesitans (Nyl.) Diederich (≡ Verrucaria haesitans), and S. parvum (Henssen) Diederich (≡ Pharcidia parvum). © 2018 by The American Bryological and Lichenological Society, Inc.
The paper documents 70 species of fungi found on species of the lichen genus Cladonia, 65 of which are obligately lichenicolous. One genus, Brackelia, and seven species, Biciliopsis cladoniae, Brackelia lunkei, Caeruleoconidia biazrovii, Neolamya ahtii, Niesslia keissleri, Sclerococcum crassitunicatum and S. epicladonia, are here described as new to science. The names Caeruleoconidia and C. ochrolechiae are validated. Ameroconium cladoniae is considered as a heterotypic synonym of Taeniolella beschiana. Merismatium cladoniicola most likely is a heterotypic synonym of M. decolorans. Taxonomic notes on critical specimens, including those of Abrothallus cf. pezizicola, Arthonia cf. lepidophila, Cladophialophora cf. cladoniae, Hainesia cf. bryonorae, Merismatium cf. nigritellum as well as of unidentified species of Acremonium, Dactylospora, Leptosphaeria, Lichenopeltella and Pronectria found on Cladonia are provided. Cercidospora cladoniicola, Didymocyrtis cladoniicola, Hainesia longicladoniae, Pezizella ucrainica, Plectocarpon cladoniae and Polycoccum laursenii are documented as new to Asia. Biazrovia stereocaulicola, Hainesia longicladoniae and Polycoccum microcarpum are new to North America. The following species are new to various countries: Argentina (Bachmanniomyces uncialicola and Niesslia cladoniicola), Finland (Didymocyrtis foliaceiphila and Roselliniella cladoniae), Japan (Lichenosticta alcicorniaria), Lithuania (Abrothallus cf. pezizicola), Mongolia (Arthonia digitatae, Didymocyrtis cladoniicola, Epicladonia stenospora s. lat., Lichenostigma alpinum s. lat., Phaeopyxis punctum, Sphaerellothecium cladoniicola and Taeniolella beschiana), New Zealand (Abrothallus cladoniae s. lat. and Epicladonia sandstedei), Norway (Arthonia digitatae), Kazakhstan (Sphaerellothecium cladoniae), Kyrgyzstan (Epicladonia sandstedei), Papua New Guinea (Opegrapha cladoniicola), Portugal (Epicladonia stenospora s. lat.), Russia (Abrothallus cladoniae s. lat., A. cf. pezizicola, Arthrorhaphis aeruginosa, Didymocyrtis foliaceiphila, Hainesia longicladoniae, Neoburgoa freyi, Pezizella ucrainica and Polycoccum laursenii), Spain (Lichenoconium aeruginosum), U.S.A. (Biazrovia stereocaulicola, Hainesia longicladoniae, Niesslia cladoniicola and Polycoccum microcarpum), Venezuela (Roselliniella cladoniae) and Vietnam (Pyrenidium actinellum s. lat.). Epicladonia sandstedei and E. stenospora s. lat. are new to Macaronesia. Heterocephalacria bachmannii is for the first time documented in the polar desert biome. Biazrovia stereocaulicola, Coniochaeta sp., Merismatium coccisporum and Pyrenidium actinellum s. lat. are newly reported to occur on Cladonia. A key to 138 species of fungi so far known to occur on Cladonia is provided.
The paper presents a summary of examinations on the variation of pycnidia and conidia
of the following Opegrapha species occurring in Poland: O. atra, O. calcarea, O. dolomitica, O.
gyrocarpa, O. niveoatra, O. rupestris, O. varia, O. vermicellifera, O. viridis and O. vulgata.
Fifty-six known lichenicolous, non-lichenized Opegrapha (Roccellaceae, Arthoniales) species (containing some undescribed taxa) are listed here, five of which are known from Caloplaca (Teloschistaceae, Teloschistales). Opegrapha vulpina, a new lichenicolous fungus on endolithic Caloplaca subg. Pyrenodesmia (Caloplaca erodens and rarely C. albopruinosa), is described from Europe. A second new species, Opegrapha hellespontica, lichenicolous on Caloplaca aurantia, is described from the European part of Turkey. Two possible sibling species of Opegrapha rupestris s. l. lichenicolous on Caloplaca cirrochroa and C. variabilis s. l., respectively, are discussed in the paper, but have not been described.(Accepted April 07 2008)
