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A, Acarospora superfusa (Freebury 999, scale = 0.5 mm). B, Ramonia microspora (Lendemer 20125, scale = 0.2 mm). C, Fellhaneropsis myrtillicola (Buck 50138, scale = 0.2 mm).
Source publication
Acarospora complanata, Fellhaneropsis myrtillicola, and Lecanora stramineoalbida are reported new for North America north of Mexico. Acarospora superfusa is confirmed as occurring in North America. Biatorella rappii is placed in synonymy with Ramonia microspora.
Citations
... With legacy manzanitas having waist-sized trunks, a rich flora of lichens rarely found anywhere else (Lendemer et al., 2008), and a dense canopy forming a protective watershed, old-growth chaparral provides an important habitat for a wide array of species and valuable ecosystem services to surrounding human communities. As such, old-growth chaparral represents a crucial component in the preservation of California's biodiversity (Keeley, 2000;Halsey and Keeley, 2016) (Figure 6.5). ...
The role of fire in chaparral in the California Floristic Province (in general, southern Oregon south through California and portions of Arizona to northern Mexico) is fraught with misunderstandings. Contrary to the forest-centric fire suppression paradigm, research over the past two decades has shown that infrequent, large, high-intensity/high-severity crown fires are natural in the chaparral ecosystem. Fire suppression has not caused excessive amounts of chaparral to accumulate, but it has played a critical role in protecting old-growth chaparral stands from an excess of fire resulting from human-caused ignitions. And there are few, if any, justifiable ecological/resource benefits in conducting prescribed burning or other vegetation treatments in chaparral. This new research has caused cognitive dissonance for proponents of fire suppression paradigms, leading to two responses: (1) acceptance of the new information and formulation of a new model, or (2) rejection of the new information and formulation of justifications, often through logical fallacies, for a continued belief in the older paradigm. © 2024 by Dominick A. DellaSala and Chad T. Hanson. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
... Conidia were reported from eight of the eleven species (T. americana, T. benedarensis, T. gordensis, T. oreophila, T. rhizobola, T. schorica, T. terricola, T. versipellis) (Navarro-Rosinés et al. 1999;Knudsen et al. 2011;Gueidan et al. 2014;Knudsen and Lendemer 2016;Knudsen et al. 2021a). The long conidia distinguish Trimmatothelopsis from the other genera of Acarosporaceae, except the monotypic genus Lithoglypha from South Africa, which so far, we have failed to sequence and has long conidia 3.5-7.5 × 0.8 μm. ...
... K&K). This continues our study of the species included in this genus since 2011 (Knudsen et al. 2011;Lendemer 2016. Knudsen et al. 2021a). ...
... In the specimens of T. novomexicana there is also no evidence apothecia grow out of stromata that contained pycnidia as in Sarcogyne similis H. Magn. (see pictures of the synonym Sarcogyne reebiae K. Knudsen in Knudsen et al. 2011). In the recent description of Trimmatothelopsis wirthii (see below) it is stated there are no periphyses in the "ostiole". ...
The discovery and study of three new species of Trimmatothelopsis from Southwestern
North America, T. californica, T. mexicana, and T. novomexicana, adds not only to
the diversity of the genus and family but generated new insights into the occurrence
of two ascus types in the genus and the variety of conidiogenous cells and conidia.
Trimmatothelopsis now includes 15 species with a mainly Holarctic distribution (Asia,
Europe, North America) and one species in Australia. A key is supplied to the genus. An
overview of the genus Trimmatothelopsis is given, including differentiation from other
genera of Acarosporaceae. The monotypic genus Thelocarpella is considered to be a
synonym of Trimmatothelopsis. The new combination Trimmatothelopsis wirthii is proposed.
The ascus type is shown to be variable in the genus with species with two types
being intermixed with each other in our phylogeny.
... The major taxonomic problems in Miriquidica have already been settled by Hertel & Rambold (1987). Since then, additions to the taxonomy of the genus have been published by Rambold & Schwab (1990), Hertel (1991), Timdal (1993), Rambold et al. (1996), Andreev (2001, 2004), Owe-Larsson & Rambold (2001), Hertel & Andreev (2003), Nash et al. (2004), Fryday (2008), Lendemer & Knudsen (2008), and Øvstedal et al. (2009). ...
The new species Miriquidica invadens Hafellner, Obermayer & Tretiach is described and reported from Austria, Bulgaria, Italy, Switzerland, France and Spain. From a morphological point of view the species belongs to the M . griseoatra group, in which it is, so far, the only constantly lichenicolous taxon. Chemically it is characterized by the regular presence of miriquidic acid, stictic acid, and constictic acid (in variable amounts). It starts its ontogenetic life cycle as an obligate youth parasite on Sporastatia , usually S . polyspora .
Morpho-anatomical treatments of other species of the Miriquidica griseoatra group occurring in Europe, based on the examination of type material, are also presented. According to the characters exhibited by the lectotype of Lecidea contigua var. griseoatra Flot., M . griseoatra (Flot.) Hertel & Rambold is the correct name for a montane species with subdivided areoles and immersed, laterally adnate apothecia with a pigmented hypothecium. Specimens exhibiting this set of characters were usually named M . obnubila auct. According to the characters observed on the lectotype of Lecidea ( Biatora ) obnubila Th. Fr. & Hellb., M . obnubila (Th. Fr. & Hellb.) Hertel & Rambold is a species with sessile apothecia with a hyaline hypothecium. Lecidea subplumbea Anzi does not constitute a heterotypic synonym of Lecidea griseoatra (Flot.) Schaer. but is the legitimate name at the species level for Miriquidica griseoatra sensu auct., and therefore M . subplumbea (Anzi) Cl. Roux is the correct name for that taxon. Lecidea inserena Nyl. is confirmed as a heterotypic synonym of Lecidea subplumbea Anzi. Lecidea plumbea Garov. ex A. Massal. is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Miriquidica limitata Hertel & Rambold and, therefore, the new combination M . plumbea (Garov. ex A. Massal.) Hafellner, Obermayer & Tretiach is introduced.
Lectotypes are designated for Lecidea contigua var. griseoatra Flot., Lecidea inserena Nyl., Lecidea obnubila Th. Fr. & Hellb., Lecidea plumbea Garov. ex A. Massal., and Lecidea subplumbea Anzi. A key to the taxa of the M . griseoatra -group and other Miriquidica taxa with a grey thallus is provided.
... Herein, we report five species of Acarospora that are uncommon, poorly known, or rare in the region. Except A. schleicheri, these species are easily overlooked in the field and revisions of the taxonomy are ongoing (Knudsen & Morse 2009; Lendemer & Knudsen 2011). Unidentifiable Aspicilia specimens were quite variable but typically infertile. ...
Biological soil crusts are ecosystem engineers in arid and semi-arid habitats; they affect soil chemistry, stability, and vegetation. Their ecosystem functions may vary depending on species composition; however, lichen species diversity is poorly known in the Pacific Northwestern drylands of North America. We sampled 59 random and 20 intuitive plots throughout central and eastern Oregon identifying 99 lichen taxa, 33 of which occurred in only one plot and seven of which were new to Oregon (Acarospora obpallens, A. terricola, Catapyrenium psoromoides y Placidium fingens, P. pilosellum, P. yoshimurae and Psora luridella). We compile records from herbaria and other studies to evaluate the rarity of observed species and potentially rare species known from nearby locations. We conclude that 37 species are likely rare uncommon in our study area. Many of these appear to be associated with calcareous substrates. We model occurrences in relation to climate and soil variables for four uncommon lichen species: Acarospora schleichen, Fuscopannaria cyanolepra, Rhizocarpon diploschistidina, and Texosporium sancti-jacobi. Based on climate and soil variables, we map regions of Oregon that may support new populations of these species and overlay habitats unsuitable for biotic crusts due to development and agriculture. These species, except Fuscopannaria cyanolepra, are strongly associated with the fine soils along the Columbia and Treasure Valleys that are most intensively used for agriculture. We anticipate that our summaries will further the understanding of lichen component of biological soil crust communities in eastern Oregon and suggest focal species for future conservation efforts.
Three new species are described from Europe and North America: Sarcogyne adscendens (California, U.S.A.), S.
lecanorina (Czech Republic), and S. poeltii (Greece). Two sterile taxa with probably functionally infertile apothecia
were recovered in the Acarospora badiofusca-A. cervina clade, S. kisonii nom. prov. (Germany), and S. schultzii nom.
prov. (Austria). They could replicate by division and fragmentation and S. kisonii also produces conidia. We report
Sarcogyne canadensis new for Romania and Europe and Sarcogyne oceanica new for Germany. Acarospora glaucocarpa
var. cumulata is a synonym of S. praetermissa. Sequences of nine undescribed Sarcogyne taxa from North
America and one from Czech Republic, all known from single collections, are made available for future research.
Eight new species are described from the Chihuahuan Desert in southern New Mexico: Acarospora agostiniana, A. divisa, A. fissurata, A. ryanii, Sarcogyne brouardiana, S. coeruleonigricans, S. malpaiensis, and S. nogalensis. Three species, Acarospora coloradiana, A. peltastica, and A. utahensis are not treated as synonyms of A. strigata, a South American endemic. Thirty-five species of Acarosporaceae are reported from the Chihuahuan Desert in southern New Mexico. Fifty-six species of Acarosporaceae are reported from New Mexico. It is estimated that 416 species of described Acarosporales occur worldwide, most in need of revisions. Including species described or taken out of synonymy in this paper, there are 120 species of Acarosporaceae reported from North America north of Mexico. Caeruleum heppii is not a member of the Acarosporales. A key is supplied for 93 species of Acarosporaceae in the southwestern United States (Arizona, southern and central California, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and western Texas), which covers 77.5% of the described species in North America.
Sarcogyne similis is found to produce psoromic acid, a substance previously known from only one other species in the family Acarosporaceae. Study of more than one hundred specimens from throughout the range of S. similis confirms the species is widely distributed from Nova Scotia, Canada, south throughout much of the eastern United States, and westward through the Sonoran Desert to southern California, where it occurs on non-calcareous rocks, especially sandstone. The recently proposed synonymy with S. reebiae is confirmed. Sarcogyne similis f. convexa is lectotypified with material that contains psoromic acid. The type of S. californica, currently treated as a synonym of S. similis, does not produce psoromic acid and may belong to a separate taxon. The distribution of S. dakotensis, which produces norstictic acid, appears to be nearly allopatric with S. similis.
Eighteen described Acarosporaceae are reported from the Chihuahuan Desert in southern New Mexico. Ten species reported by Magnusson from northern New Mexico were collected in the Chihuahuan Desert. Four species described by Magnusson are revised and taken out of synonymy: Acarospora amabilis, A. applanata, A. carnegiei and A. tenebrica. The squamulose yellow species A. organensis, new for science, was determined as A. xanthophana by Magnusson, a species endemic to South America. Acarospora organensis differs in having a higher hymenium than the two common and similar squamulose species, A. socialis from coastal Mexico and California and A. radicata from the New Mexican, Mojave and Sonoran Deserts. Acarospora subcontigua is reported new for North America.
In the spring of 2017, the 26th Tuckerman Workshop was held in central Alabama, based in Columbiana. Participants collected lichens from six unique sites across the hills of central Alabama. An account of the lichens collected from five of those sites are presented here. A total of 274 species from 118 genera are reported from the region based on field collections of the workshop participants. The high levels of diversity documented are equal to or greater than the diversity found in other areas inventoried in southern Appalachian Mountain habitats in northern and central Alabama. There are 31 lichenized and lichenicolous taxa newly reported for the State of Alabama: Abrothallus hypotrachynae (host: Hypotrachyna), Arthonia stevensoniana (host: Haematomma), Aspicilia laevata, Asterothyrium decipiens, Bacidina delicata, Byssoloma maderense, Canoparmelia amazonica, Carbonea latypizodes, Carbonicola anthracophila, Catillaria nigroclavata, Chrysothrix insulizans, Dictyomeridium amylosporum, Fellhanera silicis, Fuscidea arcuatula, Graphis lineola, Haematomma guyanense, Homostegia hertelii (host: Flavoparmelia baltimorensis), Ionaspis alba, Loxospora confusa, Parmotrema neotropicum, Pseudosagedia guentheri, Psilolechia lucida, Ramonia microspora, Rinodina dolichospora, Schismatomma glaucescens, Skyttea lecanorae (host: Lecanora louisianae), Thelopsis rubella, Thelotrema lathraeum, Tricharia cuneata, Usnea cornuta and Vainionora americana. In addition, an incompletely determined specimen of Coniarthonia was collected, making this a new genus report for the state.
