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Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) related primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) has unique imaging characteristics. Based on the cases fro; literature and latest research evidence, we formed an updated imaging diagnostic recommendation. MRI with and without contrast media is the strongly recommended imaging technique for AIDS-rel...
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... Furthermore, review articles, case reports, non-peer-reviewed articles, studies that investigated solely lymphoma manifestation of skin, subcutaneous tissue or primary osseus origin and non-English language studies were excluded. Immunocompromised patients with conditions such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or relapse after chemotherapy were excluded due to evidence for possible associated atypical imaging features of lymphoma [23][24][25]. In studies with multifocal localization of soft tissue lymphoma, patients without appendicular localization of soft tissue lymphoma were excluded. ...
Appendicular soft tissue lymphoma (ASTL) is rare and is frequently misinterpreted as soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Studies investigating magnet resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of ASTL are scarce and showed heterogenous investigation criteria and results. The purpose of this study was to systematically review clinical presentations and MRI characteristics of ASTL as described in the current literature. For that purpose, we performed a systematic literature review in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Patient demographics, clinical presentation and MRI imaging characteristics of ASTL were investigated, resulting in a total of nine included studies reporting a total of 77 patients. Signal intensity of lymphoma compared to muscle tissue was mostly described as isointense (53%) or slightly hyperintense (39%) in T1-weighted images and always as hyperintense in proton-and T2-weighted images. Multicompartmental involvement was reported in 59% of cases and subcutaneous stranding in 74%. Long segmental involvement was present in 80% of investigated cases. Involvement of neurovascular structures was reported in 41% of cases and the presence of traversing vessels in 83% of patients. The presence of these findings should lead to the inclusion of ASTL in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue masses.
