Figure 7 - uploaded by Thomas William Bjerstedt
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7-8. Components of banded and non-banded coals. Cannel coal is a non-banded coal that appears waxy. Banded coals contain four main lithotypes: durain (dull, grainy texture, tough), fusain (dull black, charcoal texture, hands get dirty), clarain (bright, satiny texture, brittle), and vitrain (bright, black, glassy, brittle) (from Kentucky Geological Survey, 2006). The historically mined pod of the Cannel Coal near its namesake, Cannel City, is situated on the downthrown side of a large-displacement fault (Irvine-Paint Creek Fault), 15 mi north of this exposure (7-9). The fault shows syndepositional growth because much of the Pikeville and underlying Grundy Formations are unusually thick south of the fault. The Cannel Coal thins and may locally pinch out north of the fault.
Source publication
Suggested citation: Bjerstedt, T.W. 2017. Black shales and deltas, central Appalachians, West Virginia and Kentucky. Unpublished guidebook for site visits by U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Gulf of Mexico Region, New Orleans, LA., June 10-18, 2017. 193 pp. DOI 10.13140/RG.2.2.26292.65923.
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Citations
When a new intersection of Rt. 15 and Rt. 80 (Hal Rodgers/Daniel Boone Expressway) was constructed in 1974 northwest of Hazard, KY, it opened several exposures at the intersection that were key reference sections for the Four Corners Formation. Since 2016 the Kentucky Highway Department has been working to enlarge Rt.15 into four lanes between the intersection of Rt. 80 southeastward toward Hazard. Almost completed in July 2018, an excavation along 0.5 mi of Rt. 15 exposes anew the Pennsylvanian Four Corners Formation (Breathitt Group). The Hazard No. 5, No. 7, and No. 8 coals are at the base of three benched surfaces that the Highway Department is covering with crushed gravel, apparently to discourage wildcat mining. I examined this magnificent new road cut on July 14, 2018, and offer interpretations for the depositional environments exposed there.
I posted an .mp4 animation of this exposure (30 Mb) in a Google Photos album. One has a background soundtrack, the other is silent. https://photos.app.goo.gl/uAKFtHJqdDnkg8o97
