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Studies in several cities indicate that ridesourcing (ride-hailing) may increase traffic and congestion, given the substitution of more sustainable modes and the addition of empty kilometers. On the other hand, there is little evidence if smartphone apps that target shared rides have any influence on reducing traffic levels. We study the effects of...
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The space "consumed" by various urban passenger transport modes varies greatly depending on the size and the speed of vehicles. Past studies have shown that public transport (PT) and non-motorized transport (NMT) can be up to 20 times more space-efficient compared to a typical car. This optimal use of space is of relevance in an urban context where...
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... First, results indicated that environmental consciousness, economic benefits, social aspects, and perceived risks have a significant impact on Generation Z's intention to use shared mobility platforms in India. This is consistent with the results of the existing literature [12,13,15,41,49,62,78,79]. ...
Shared mobility platforms have built scalable digital marketplaces that facilitate the allocation and sharing of transportation and promote sustainable urban travel. Generation Z’s attitude toward shared consumption is closely linked to their perceptions of the importance of sustainability. This study identifies Generation Z’s awareness of shared mobility platforms in India and the factors that influence their use. Data were collected from 318 respondents from Generation Z in India and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Findings indicate that Generation Z’s intention to use shared mobility is influenced by environmental consciousness, social aspects, economic benefits, and perceived risks. Results also show that perceived risks have an indirect effect on intention, which is mediated by attitude. The novel conceptual model developed and tested in this research can be used to inform policies and business models for the adoption of shared mobility services for Generation Z, ultimately promoting more sustainable transportation systems and improved urban mobility.
... In recent years it has been noted that sharing mobility has become increasingly widespread in large cities (Tirachini et al. 2020). Shared mobility represents a sustainable and innovative solution (Santos 2018) to reduce the impacts related to vehicular traffic which can contribute significantly to the environmental effects in transport activities. ...
The number of people using shared or smart mobility for daily travel and for tourism purposes is growing. This work aims to define a new smart decision approach to promotes the use of car-pooling by tourist groups to reach sites of interest that are difficult to reach with other public transport solutions. The decision problem consists in defining a set of car groups, each of which is associated with a specific route, obtained by considering all (or nearly all) the possible combinations, according to specific social rating requirements. We propose a new two-stage intelligent decision-making approach, based on the set partitioning model, with a path generation procedure and a multi-objective approach. Several computational experiments have been carried out in order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and the impact of the weights assigned to the different optimization criteria and of the social requirements on the overall car groups definition. The solutions obtained show a benefit compared to the initial situation, under each of the performance measures adopted. We have also shown how the introduction of conditions on the social rating affects the efficiency of the solutions and that all the solutions analyzed above are Pareto-optimal and represent the best planning of the automotive groups according to different attitudes regarding the optimization criteria. We have also shown how the introduction of conditions on social rating affects the efficiency of the solutions.
... Ride-sharing is also associated with other advantages like reducing transportrelated social exclusion and private vehicle ownership [70]. Nevertheless, Tirachini et al. [73] demonstrate that ride-sharing can increase the vehicle kilometres travelled, and may lead to the substitution of traditional and environmentally friendly modes of transportation such as bus trips. For instance, early evidence, addressing the use of ride-sharing in the United States reports that users of this service potentially shift from public transport, which in return increases the use of vehicles in cities. [70]. ...
... Also, the service is subjected to a risk of disrupting traditional travel modes like public transport [27,82], because ride-hailing may induce users to make more trips, thus reducing the share of trips made by other sustainable modes like public transport [17,81]. Tirachini et al. [73], Kang et al. [80] show that in many cities, ride-hailing can increase traffic congestion, because the majority of the trips are taken by a single individual. ...
In the course of major societal developments such as digitalisation and increasing urbanisation, various forms of so-called new mobility services have emerged. Various disciplines are engaged in understanding these services. However, what is still missing is a comprehensive understanding of what the umbrella term new mobility services means beyond a loosely used catch-all term. This article provides an interdisciplinary overview of the concept of new mobility services and their respective impacts on mobility landscapes. These aspects are summarised using a scoping review approach by examining a total of 98 publications. Our results show that the term new mobility services is indeed an umbrella term for different mobility concepts that are conceptualised differently and whose impacts on mobility landscapes are manifold. However, by applying elements of formal concept analysis, we can identify several key characteristics that define the lowest common denominator for services to be classified as new mobility services.
... There was a substantial body of literature dealing with ridehailing services. Previous studies have examined several aspects, ranging from the impacts of ride-hailing services on the economy [23][24][25], society [16,26] and traffic [27,28,29], as well as research on policy supervision of ride-hailing services [30,31]. In this context, a considerable volume of studies was devoted to exploring whether ride-hailing services had complementary or substitution effects, as well as mixed complementary and substitution effects on public transit usage. ...
With the recent advances in smartphones and Internet technologies, ride‐hailing services (such as Uber and Didi) have emerged and changed the travel modes that residents use. An important issue within this area is how ride‐hailing services influence public transit usage. The majority of the research regarding this topic has focused on situations in large cities and has not reached a unanimous consensus among scholars. In particular, the role of ride‐hailing services in small‐ and medium‐sized cities may be different from the role of these services in large cities. In this paper, we choose 22 small‐ and medium‐sized cities in China as samples with a research time window spanning from 2011 to 2016 to examine the impact of the introduction of ride‐hailing services on public transit usage. The results of the synthetic control method, as well as other robustness checks, show that (1) the introduction of ride‐hailing services to China's small‐ and medium‐sized cities significantly increases public transit usage; (2) the effect of the introduction of ride‐hailing services on public transit usage in small‐ and medium‐sized cities is “proactive” for approximately 1 year; and (3) the positive effect of ride‐hailing services on public transit usage in small‐ and medium‐sized cities weakens over time. This study enriches the literature on the impact of ride‐hailing services on the urban transportation system by specifically taking small‐ and medium‐sized cities as the research scope. The above findings are of great significance to the urban transport department's formulation of ride‐hailing policies and the operation layout of public transit operators in small‐ and medium‐sized cities.
... A descriptive analysis of displacement suggests that there are differences between subdomains (see table . Negative results were more common in ride hailing papers that included displacement vs. those that did not, as many platform users substituted walking and public transportation for ride-hailing ( Tirachini et al 2020, Schaller 2021. In contrast, within bike sharing displacement seemed to positively affect reported results, as some of the shared bike rides would displace more carbon intensive transport modes. ...
... In shared scooters, 13 out of the 17 papers report negative results mostly due to scooter's short lifespan and the high environmental costs associated with their production, as well as the emissions associated with their rebalancing and charging (Hollingsworth Ride-hailing papers (N = 28) tend to report negative results, mainly due to users displacing low emissions modes of transport such as walking and public transportation (Rayle et al 2016, Tirachini et al 2020, Schaller 2021, Shi et al 2021, induced travel (Rayle et al 2016, Gehrke et al 2019 and added operations in the form of dead-head miles, where drivers drive around to pick up passengers potentially doubling the distance traveled (Oviedo et al 2020, Tirachini et al 2020, Schaller 2021. In contrast, ride-sharing papers (N = 15) predominantly report positive outcomes, mostly stemming from increased car occupancy (Ding et al 2019, Realini et al 2021, Sun andErtz 2021a). ...
... In shared scooters, 13 out of the 17 papers report negative results mostly due to scooter's short lifespan and the high environmental costs associated with their production, as well as the emissions associated with their rebalancing and charging (Hollingsworth Ride-hailing papers (N = 28) tend to report negative results, mainly due to users displacing low emissions modes of transport such as walking and public transportation (Rayle et al 2016, Tirachini et al 2020, Schaller 2021, Shi et al 2021, induced travel (Rayle et al 2016, Gehrke et al 2019 and added operations in the form of dead-head miles, where drivers drive around to pick up passengers potentially doubling the distance traveled (Oviedo et al 2020, Tirachini et al 2020, Schaller 2021. In contrast, ride-sharing papers (N = 15) predominantly report positive outcomes, mostly stemming from increased car occupancy (Ding et al 2019, Realini et al 2021, Sun andErtz 2021a). ...
The digital sharing economy is commonly seen as a promising circular consumption model that could potentially deliver environmental benefits through more efficient use of existing product stocks. Yet whether sharing is indeed more environmentally benign than prevalent consumption models and what features shape platforms’ sustainability remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we conduct a systematic literature review of empirical peer reviewed and conference proceeding publications. We screen over 2200 studies and compile a dataset of over 150 empirical studies, and consolidate reported results on the environmental impacts of the sharing economy. We find that sharing is not inherently more environmentally benign and that the type of resource shared, platforms’ size, logistic operations, as well as the ways in which sharing affects users’ consumption more broadly have an impact over the environmental outcomes. Sharing goods is generally associated with better environmental outcomes compared to shared accommodations or mobility, with shared scooters and ride-hailing emerging as particularly prone to negative environmental outcomes. Contrary to previous suggestions, resource ownership structure (centralized vs. peer-to-peer) does not seem to be a good proxy for environmental performance. As sharing becomes intertwined with urban spaces and more cities become interested in facilitating sharing, we argue that research and policy should examine how platform operations and changes in consumer behavior can be optimized for sustainability, steering the sharing economy towards more environmental paths.
... These services aid in reducing carbon emissions and improving air quality from an environmental perspective (Abduljabbar et al., 2021). In terms of traffic congestion, these services contribute to alleviating traffic issues, particularly in areas with high congestion (Tirachini et al., 2020). Furthermore, the development of more bicycle lanes and scooter parking areas due to the growth of micro mobility services enhances city planning, making cities more sustainable and accessible (Marqués et al., 2015). ...
... The introduction and adoption of commercial AVs are likely to reduce the need for households to own cars by way of an increase in ride-sharing services (e.g., SAVs) (Clements & Kockelman, 2017;Krueger et al., 2016;Tirachini et al., 2020). Fagnant and Kockelman (2014) reported that each SAV can serve 31-41 passengers per day and therefore many people can do away with owning a car. ...
... Impact on travel distance/VMT (Narayanan et al., 2020) Trip length: -15% to +14%, VMT: -45% to +89% (Gelauff et al., 2019) 5 -25% increase in VMT (Fagnant & Kockelman, 2014) Up to 10% increase in travel distance (Fagnant & Kockelman, 2015) 2 -9% increase in VMT (Zhang et al., 2015) 15.3 -62.3% increase in daily VMT Median VMT increase of 26.5 miles per household, total VMT increase of 13.3% (Loeb & Kockelman, 2019) 6.05 -14.2% increase in empty VMT per SAV 2 -10% increase in VMT (Tirachini et al., 2020) VKT increase of SAV: 7 to 10 km/passenger, VKT increase of buses: 0.4 to 1.1 km/passenger (Childress et al., 2015) 11 -20% more empty VMT by SAVs (Loeb et al., 2018) SAEV on average generate 19.6 -31.5% more vacant VMT Personal AV has a 2.5% lower VMT than a personal conventional vehicle (Harper et al., 2016) 2 -14% increase in annual VMT (Ma et al., 2017) 15% increase in VMT (Carrese et al., 2019) 100% penetration of ride-sharing reduces VMT up to 19% (Auld et al., 2018) 42% increase in travel distance (Alam & Habib, 2018) 15% (20%) share of SAV increases VKT by 1.73% (14%) (Hörl, 2017) 28.01% and 30.57% empty VMT in Taxi and taxi pool, respectively for 1000 AVs on the fleet (Zhang & Guhathakurta, 2017) 5-14% VMT increase (Arbib & Seba, 2017) VMT increased by 50% in 2030 over 2015 ...
The article discusses the short, medium, and long-term effects of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) on the urban transportation and environment by means of a systematic review of the extant literature on the subject matter. A corpus of 130 articles was collected from multiple sources using selected keywords. The review critically analyzes key findings of these papers in the light of a SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat) analysis. Although the technology remains to be commercially deployed, broad consensus is found in the literature. First, AV would influence urban transportation and human mobility by reducing vehicle ownership, public and active travel, Vehicle Miles Traveled, traffic delay and congestion, travel costs, and by increasing accessibility, mobility, and revenue generation for commercial operators. Second, AVs would have long-term effects by encouraging dispersed urban development, reducing parking demand, and enhancing network capacity. Third, AVs would reduce energy consumption and protect the environment by reducing Greenhouse Gas emissions. Fourth, AVs would reduce traffic crashes involving human errors and increase the convenience and productivity of passengers by facilitating for multitasking. However, most people are very concerned about personal safety, security, and privacy. Finally, the study identifies critical research gaps and advances priority directions for further research.
... For example, the increased use of autonomous vehicles could lead to increased vehicle miles travelled and a rebound in car use, offsetting the potential energy and emission savings [54]. Similarly, the proliferation of ride-hailing services could increase congestion and undermine public transit [55]. Smart mobility technologies could also have social equity implications, as they may not be accessible to all, leading to a digital divide in transportation [56]. ...
Transportation systems globally face challenges related to congestion, decreased quality of life, limited accessibility, increased harmful emissions and costs, growing use of private cars and in some cases lack of intra and intermodal integration. Smart Mobility is believed to be a solution to some of these challenges by providing comprehensive and intelligent mobility services, decreasing transportation costs, promoting safety, and combating pollution and traffic congestion. Despite this potential, there is still uncertainty surrounding what smart mobility is and whether it is moving toward improving the quality of life and making cities more sustainable. To address this gap, this paper conducts a bibliometric review of 3223 Web of Science Core Collection-indexed documents to provide a comprehensive understanding of smart mobility research. The findings reveal a lack of multi-disciplinary approaches in previous studies with a strong emphasis on technological aspects and limited social or economic considerations in current research. The review identifies four distinct periods of smart mobility research, with recent interest sparked by advancements in big data, deep learning, artificial intelligence, and real-time technologies in transport systems. However, there is a dearth of research on smart mobility in developing countries, where urban populations are rapidly increasing. Thus, the review proposes a research agenda to address the current gaps in knowledge. Furthermore, the review provides an updated and integrated definition of smart mobility as the use of advanced technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, and artificial intelligence, to improve transportation efficiency, mobility for all, and sustainability while safeguarding the quality of life. The primary challenge for smart mobility is the co-evolution with existing transport systems, making further research on integration with these systems and real-time technologies essential for advancing smart mobility research. The paper’s main contribution is an integrated conceptualisation of smart mobility research and novel research topics that build on this unified base.
... In principle, the more shared vehicles are utilized, the bigger the size of the fleet required to serve the demand, and the greater the negative impact on traffic congestion. Tirachini et al. (2020) show that by increasing the size of taxis and allowing multiple passengers to share their ride higher service efficiency can be achieved, and the total mileage can be greatly reduced. Nevertheless, this approach also poses new and challenging optimisation problems, and appropriate optimisation techniques must be developed to support decision-making processes, such as to promptly match passengers with vehicles or to efficiently update vehicle routes in a dynamic setting. ...
The growing number and complexity of modern megalopolises, where several millions of inhabitants request efficient transport services, pose colossal challenges to urban mobility. To capture the ever-increasing demand for mobility without further deteriorating the traffic congestion, it is essential that the resources available are used as efficiently as possible. Besides, the traditional means of transport (train, metro, bus, taxi), each responds to a particular segment of the global demand for mobility. Nowadays, transport planners can take advantage of the progress in information technologies and optimisation methods to design modern services that integrate and coordinate different means of transport. These services are potentially capable of capturing additional segments of mobility demand and, as an outcome, reduce the usage of private vehicles. Building upon these general ideas, a growing number of researchers have studied various forms of transport flexibility as well as the integration among different means of transport. This survey provides an overview of the trends emerging from contributions from the operational research literature on urban passenger transportation. We have analysed the literature according to the dimensions of flexibility and integration of the transport service studied. For each of the application areas identified, we convey the main trends studied, summarise the most relevant solution approaches and outline some open research directions that deserve particular attention.
... Furuhata et al. [101] analyzed the development direction of shared ride-sharing systems from the aspects of ridesharing classification, matching mode, matching agency, and cost allocation. People who develop policies and practices related to bicycle-or car-sharing systems should understand the different value needs and preferences of the stakeholders involved in the sharing system [103,109,120,124,[126][127][128]. ...
With the accelerating process of global urbanization, environmental protection has become a hot issue for researchers, practitioners, and policy makers, with such questions as how to make urban transportation markedly sustainable to meet the pace of sustainable economic and social growth. This study visualizes and quantifies the extant publications on urban sustainable transportation research on Web of Science using CiteSpace for a wide range of research topics, including the intellectual structure, development, and evolution of urban sustainable transportation. First, this study presents the characteristics of a number of published papers in relevant fields and time stages, including publication in journals, co-occurrence of keywords, co-occurrence of disciplines and fields, and co-occurrence of the literature through network analysis. This study identifies the basic research contents and high-frequency knowledge contents of urban sustainable transportation. Second, this research analyzes the authors’ cooperation, national cooperation, and research institute cooperation networks. This study identifies the most influential authors, research institutions, and countries. Lastly, this study identifies the research frontiers and trend themes from 1991 to 30 September 2022 through co-citation clustering and research on burst detection, a combination of bibliometric methods, and a systematic review. Accordingly, this study demonstrates the research progress in this field from the perspectives of multiple themes, such as land development and utilization, sustainable transportation systems, low-carbon paths, public transport, electric vehicles, sharing modes, traveler behavior, and smart cities. These aspects provide readers with a preliminary understanding of the development of urban sustainable transportation, indicating that multidisciplinary, multiprofessional, and multiangle cooperation and analysis will become the dominant trend in this field.
