Figs 35-37 - uploaded by Rodolfo Barreiro
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Polyides rotundus and Furcellaria lumbricalis. Internal vegetative morphology. Fig. 35. Polyides rotundus: domed pit connections and refractive inclusions (arrow), A Coruña, Lourido, SANT-Algae 22519. Scale bar ¼ 50 lm. Fig. 36. Polyides rotundus: longitudinal filaments and refractive inclusions (arrow) in the medulla, France, Brittany, SANT-Algae 19570. Scale bar ¼ 200 lm. Fig. 37. Furcellaria lumbricalis: ball-and-socket joint pit connections (France, Brittany, SANT-Algae 19569). Scale bar ¼ 30 lm.
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Pseudopolyides furcellarioides gen. et sp. nov. (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) was described from the Atlantic coasts of the northern Iberian Peninsula based on morphological and molecular evidence. This plant was found growing in the lower intertidal to the upper subtidal of moderately exposed rocky coasts, the bases anchored to rocks and often covere...
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Rapid identification of introduced seaweeds is crucial to support management and conservation decisions, especially when multiple cryptic lineages of high-profile invasive taxa occur sympatrically. The red seaweed genus Asparagopsis (Bonnemaisoniales, Rhodophyta) comprises two recognised morpho-species characterised by heteromorphic life cycles and...
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... Gibsmithia hawaiiensis sensu stricto was confirmed only from the Hawaiian Islands (as an endemic taxon), and other clades within the G. hawaiiensis complex were resolved as unique lineages that represent as-of-yet undescribed species (Gabriel et al. 2017). The three Hawaiian species of Dudresnaya are reasonably well represented in recent systematic and floristic works (Sherwood et al. 2010;Bárbara et al. 2013;Gabriel et al. 2016Gabriel et al. , 2017. Based on morphoanatomical identifications, Dudresnaya hawaiiensis has been reported from Australia, Bangladesh and the Pacific Islands, while D. littleri and D. babbittiana have been reported thus far only from the Hawaiian Islands (McDermid & Abbott 2006;Guiry & Guiry 2021). ...
Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Hawaiian members of the red algal family Dumontiaceae were used to clarify the species diversity of Dudresnaya and Gibsmithia from Hawaiʻi. Although no new species of Dudresnaya were detected in the analyses, D. babbittiana is newly recorded by Lalo, Manawai, and Oʻahu; however, this record remains tentative until the type material is sequenced. A new species of Gibsmithia, G. punonomaewa A.R. Sherwood, is described here and reported from the mesophotic depths (79–104 m) of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, Hawaiʻi. This new species differs from all others in the genus based on the following combination of characters: moderate thallus size (up to 11 cm), smooth and terete gelatinous lobes, presence of a stipe (which is often branched), globose carposporangia, and a non-isodiametric shaped cell subtending the tetrasporangia. This new taxon increases the number of Gibsmithia species recorded from Hawaiʻi to three. Phylogenetically, G. punonomaewa is most closely related to G. dotyi (type locality, Lord Howe Island, Australia) and G. larkumii (type locality, One Tree Island, Queensland, Australia), which are both reportedly widespread in distribution. The relatively dark habitat of the mesophotic in Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument contrasts with the surface waters of tropical and subtropical habitats where most Gibsmithia species are found, further highlighting the uniqueness of the species.
... On the basis of morphological and molecular evidence, some genera have been transferred into separate orders (e.g. Fredericq & Hommersand 1989;Krayesky et al. 2009;Maggs & Pueschel 1989;Saunders & Kraft 1994Silva & Johansen 1986), and recent morphotaxonomic and molecular-assisted alpha-taxonomic investigations have led to several newly proposed genera (Bárbara et al. 2013;Huisman et al. 2016;Kraft & Saunders 2014;Rodríguez-Prieto et al. 2013, 2014Saunders et al. 2017) and families belonging to the order (Dixon et al. 2014(Dixon et al. , 2015Rodríguez-Prieto et al. 2013;Saunders et al. 2004). ...
Despite recent evidence that has shown a close phylogenetic relationship between Callophycus (familia incertae sedis) and the monotypic genus Placentophora (previously regarded as a member of the family Solieriaceae), the phylogenetic relationships of these genera within the order Gigartinales have not been unequivocally established. Although the family name Placentophoraceae was used for Callophycus and Placentophora in 2013, this taxon has yet to be properly validated in accordance with the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants, thus rendering the Placentophoraceae a nomen nudum. Our present study has generated new rbcL and COI-5P sequences for the generitype species of Placentophora, P. colensoi, and combined them with corresponding data from several species of Callophycus, as well as from other representatives of the Gigartinales, to confirm that Callophycus and P. colensoi form a family-level clade within that order. The exact relationships of this clade to other gigartinalean families, however, is undetermined. In order to validate the Placentophoraceae, a detailed description of the family is supplied, based largely on the most recent molecular, morpho-taxonomic and phytochemical information. The Placentophoraceae are shown to consist of Callophycus (with 10 western Indo-Pacific species, eight of which are limited to Australia) and the monotypic New Zealand genus Placentophora.
... Sequence reactions were combined and edited using Sequencher (Gene Code Corp., Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA) and deposited in GenBank (Table 1) to provide additional context in this database for future studies using molecular assisted alpha taxonomy (Cianciola et al. 2010) or molecular assisted identification (Mamoozadeh & Freshwater 2011). The newly generated rbcL and LSU sequences were also aligned with the sequences analyzed in Ba´rbara et al. (2013) using MacClade v.4 (Maddison & Maddison 2003) and MEGA v.5 (Tamura et al. 2011, and these alignments (38 species total) were used for phylogenetic analyses. ...
... Indeed, Rao followed the system of Drew (1954) in which what we have called segmented connecting filaments were interpreted as gonimoblasts that branched, bearing gonimolobes laterally. Our molecular evidence and that of Ba´rbara et al. (2013) placed the Polyidaceae in a separate clade together with the Cruoriaceae basal to the families of the Dumontiaceae complex as interpreted here. It should be noted that the nemathecioid species Rhodopeltis australis (Harvey) Harvey, which also contains segmented connecting filaments, was transferred from the Polyidaceae to the Dumontiaceae by Itono and Yoshizaki (1992) on the basis of an initial fusion of the connecting filament to a nutritive auxiliary cell in the carpogonial branch system several cells below the fertilized carpogonium. ...
Detailed morphological and molecular analyses of Ptilocladiopsis horrida have resulted in the proposal of the Ptilocladiopsidaceae fam. nov. Molecular analyses placed the new family in the Gigartinales in a basal position relative to families that comprised the Dumontiaceae complex. Plants were erect, monopodial, and grew by transverse division of an apical cell. Each axial cell cut off four periaxial cells that progressively elongated and distally bore branched filaments. Inner cells of the branched filaments expanded progressively toward the outside to form a three-layered cortex bearing free filaments along the surface of the thallus. With the elongation of the periaxial cells, the basal cells of the branched filaments separated from the central axis to produce a hollow space around it. Spermatangial parent cells and carpogonial branches were produced from the innermost cells of the free filaments. Carpogonial branches were four-celled and strongly reflexed, with the trichogyne directed outwardly. The fertilized carpogonium fused with the third cell of the carpogonial branch and produced up to four connecting filaments, one of which could fuse with the supporting cell, which functioned as an auxiliary cell (procarpic condition); others elongated and fused with remote auxiliary cells (nonprocarpic condition). The auxiliary cell cut off a gonimoblast initial that differentiated into a primary gonimoblast cell bearing branched gonimoblast filaments, most of which matured into carposporangia. The primary gonimoblast cell fused with the auxiliary cell, which elongated to continue growth of the connecting filament. Mature gonimoblasts protruded from the thallus surface and were surrounded by a sparsely branched filamentous involucre. Tetrasporophytes have not been observed. Previous accounts failed to show the presence of connecting filaments, leading to the placement of Ptilocladiopsis in the procarpic order Ceramiales.
El herbario de algas marinas de Fermín Bescansa Casares consta de 1053 pliegos, representativos de 227 taxones específicos e infraespecíficos (9 cianobacterias, 145 rodófitos, 52 feofíceas y 21 clorófitos). La mayoría de los pliegos (1008) están depositados en el herbario de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (SANT). El resto del material corresponde a 35 pliegos del herbario de la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (EMMA) y 10 pliegos del herbario del Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid (MA-Algae). Aproximadamente, la mitad de los pliegos de herbario (604) contienen un único ejemplar, pero en los pliegos restantes hay una excelente representación de individuos ya que Bescansa realizaba recolecciones abundantes. Así, un tercio del material de herbario (407 pliegos) contiene entre 2 y 6 ejemplares por pliego y el resto (21 pliegos) tienen un elevado número de ejemplares (8-22 por pliego).
Lithophyllum stictiforme (Areschoug) Hauck contributes to the formation of the Mediterranean coralligenous concretions. In the Atlantic Iberian Peninsula, L. stictiforme has also been reported based on subtidal collections showing the characteristic morphology described for this species. Recent studies uncovered a diverse complex of cryptic species from the Mediterranean Sea assigned to L. stictiforme. Thereafter, the Atlantic Iberian collections have been re-assessed with the aim of clarifying its taxonomic
status. Based on molecular (COI, psbA) and morphological data, the new species Lithophyllum artabricum V.Peña, sp. nov. is described herein. Molecular phylogenetic analyses were congruent in delimiting the Atlantic Iberian collections as an independent lineage from the Mediterranean L. stictiforme complex. Morpho-anatomical characters of the new species showed an overlap with those provided for the Mediterranean clades of L. stictiforme. However, L. artabricum V.Peña, sp. nov. has a monomerous thallus construction whereas the Mediterranean taxa were mainly dimerous. Moreover, L. artabricum V.Peña, sp. nov. differs from other Atlantic European Lithophyllum species by a combination of characters related to the external morphology consisting of single or superimposed lamellae, the monomerous construction, the conical shape of the canal pore of sporangial conceptacles, and by occurring only in subtidal bedrocks. Lithophyllum artabricum V.Peña, sp. nov. is at present known from northern Spain to northern Portugal. One collection of L. stictiforme from southern Portugal showed similarities with L. artabricum V.Peña, sp. nov.; however, DNA sequence data are necessary to confirm this record. Based on the evidence presented herein, L. stictiforme is removed from the flora of northern and northwestern Spain, and northern Portugal. The finding of cryptic diversity in L. stictiforme suggested that further reports of this species in warm and temperate waters should be re-assessed.
Addenda to the checklist of benthic algae from Asturias (north of Spain). Additions to the checklist of benthic algae from Asturias (north of Spain) are presented. According to our data, the current list of algae consists of 458 taxa: 42 Cyanophyta, 257 Rhodophyta, 103 Ochrophyta and 56 Chlorophyta. Twenty-one new records (Antithamnion amphigeneum, Aphanocladia stichidiosa, Calliblepharis hypneoides, Ceramium pallidum, Chaetomorpha mediterranea, Corallina caespitosa, Dictyopteris lucida, Grateloupia imbricata, Kallymenia crouaniorum, Lithophyllum bathyporum, Lithophyllum hibernicum, Lomentaria hakodatensis, Lophosiphonia simplicissima, Phymatolithon lamii, Plocamium maggsiae, Polysiphonia caespitosa, Polysiphonia foetidissima, Porphyra dioica, Pseudopolyides furcellarioides, Scytosiphon dotyi and Titanoderma laminariae) should be added to the checklist. In addition, three species (Lampisiphonia iberica, Plocamium lyngbyanum and Pyropia suborbiculata) should be also considered as potential taxa and their presence in the coasts of Asturias need to be confirmed.
The genus Streblocladia was described by early European collectors based on S. neglecta, a marine red alga from southern New Zealand currently treated as a taxonomic synonym of Streblocladia glomerulata. In New Zealand, Streblocladia includes two species and has always been considered distinct. To analyse the phylogenetic relationships of this genus with other Polysiphonia sensu lato, we conducted a molecular-assisted investigation using plastid rbcL gene sequences of recent collections of Streblocladia from New Zealand, as well as morphological observations. The molecular analyses indicated that Streblocladia species form a monophyletic clade sister to P. rhododactyla with strong support. The Streblocladia clade is clearly separated from other species of Polysiphonia sensu lato. Species of Streblocladia are characterized by sympodially branched, corticated main axes, the absence of vegetative trichoblasts, and spermatangial branches that are unilaterally arranged and replace the whole trichoblast. As a result, the New Zealand endemic Polysiphonia rhododactyla is transferred to the genus Streblocladia on the basis of genetic and morphological evidence and compared with the two other species from New Zealand, S. glomerulata and S. muelleriana.
El catálogo de las algas se ha realizado considerando las costas españolas subdivididas en cinco sectores, acorde a la nomenclatura de la Directiva Marco de Estrategia Marina de la UE, que considera cinco Demarcaciones Marinas: Noratlántica, Sudatlántica, Estrecho-Alborán, Levantino-Balear y Canaria. El catálogo contempla 1500 especies y taxones infraespecíficos que se reparten en 215 cianofíceas, 796 algas rojas, 287 algas pardas y 202 algas verdes. Cabe destacar que el territorio español alberga una gran riqueza florística de algas marinas, si se compara con catálogos de regiones vecinas como las Islas Británicas e Irlanda. La demarcación con mayor número de especies es la Levantino-Balear (835), entre las que abundan las algas rojas (469). Otras demarcaciones con gran número de especies son la Canaria (758 especies y 429 algas rojas) y la Noratlántica (749 especies y 366 algas rojas). Desde el punto de vista taxonómico y nomenclatural, al menos 179 especies de macroalgas bentónicas marinas tienen su localidad tipo en el territorio estudiado; destacando la Demarcación Canaria con mayor número de especies descritas (81).
