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... The habitual way in which people view, process and structure information in wholes or parts 5 ...
... · A thick description is provided in Chapter 4 and in Appendix 4,5,6 to facilitate transferability decisions. ...
This thesis stemmed from the likely future scenario that the advancement of technologies will enable new ways for information display in everyday life. Following an initial review of existing research related to sustainable behaviour change and emerging technologies, a
focus group study was conducted to explore people’s expectations for a ubiquitous eco information device at the point of purchase. It was found that there was a need for eco information provision that resembles eco labelling, but provides information in an interactive
manner. This led to the definition of the research aim, which was ‘to encourage sustainable individual consumer behaviour at the point of purchase by proposing the design of eco information individualisation’. A literature review was undertaken to i) identify consumer issues of existing eco labelling practice and opportunities for improvement; ii) investigate the state-of-the-art of the development of various eco information solutions; and iii) explore the opportunities for eco information provision enabled by various contextual technologies. The literature revealed that nowadays consumers are facing difficulties in perceiving and understanding eco labels, and a number of the issues can potentially be tackled using a design approach. This thesis proposed the first conceptual framework of eco information individualisation for designers. ‘Eco information individualisation’ is a concept of tailoring eco labels according to the specific needs of individual users using contextual technologies. With technologies embedded on the product and the user, both of them can act as data carriers and have a traceable record (a ‘life history’). Information can be exchanged ubiquitously. An enabled product can be intelligent enough to appeal to a user with particular preferences. A second focus group study was conducted to evaluate the framework. A card sorting study was carried out to understand user's perception towards information conveyed on existing eco labels to inform the refinement of the framework. A design tool was developed to support designers in the designing of eco information individualisation. The tool was applied and evaluated in a design workshop. A mobile app prototype was then built based on a design output generated from the workshop. Findings from these studies have provided a greater understanding of designing for eco information individualisation, in particular through the creation of the framework, the design tool and the app, as well as the identification of user requirements for eco information design.
... Students have different cognitive styles that influence how they organise and process information, and influencing their learning performance (Kinley, 2013). The consideration of cognitive styles and student academic achievement are important criteria in the development and implementation of both curricula and instructional performance. ...
... However, there are a very few studies on the cognitive styles and the Web search pattern. Kinley (2013) found that the Web search pattern and users' cognitive styles can help to bridge the semantic gap between information users and information systems. Chen (2010) discussed the Web-based learning programmes by using learners with various cognitive styles. ...
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of cognitive styles on the Web search pattern of the students of universities in Kerala. The study employed the Web search pattern scale and Group Embedded Figure Test for data collection from a representative sample of 450 students. It is revealed that there exists a significant gender difference in the influence of the different levels of cognitive styles of the students on their Web search pattern. The results of this study will be useful to design and develop more user oriented intelligent interfaces for the Web.
... Felder and Brent (2005) state that one of the key goals for information systems is to provide the decision maker with a set of capabilities to apply in a sequence and form that fits his or her cognitive style. Kinley (2013) indicates researchers in cognitive styles have applied memory, thinking, and problem solving as traits reflective of cognitive styles. Kraemer,Rosenberg and Thompson (2009) presents classifications of cognitive style including simple/complex, leveling and sharpening, focusing versus scanning, and field dependence versus field independence. ...
The purpose of this paper is to report a summary of the results of a study which examined the appropriateness of using business school students as surrogates for IT professionals by comparing cognitive styles, physiological characteristics, and basic demographic data among the two groups. Cognitive style refers to the way individuals think, perceive and remember information. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), Kolb's Learning Style Inventory (LSI), and Human Information Processing Survey (HIPS) tests were used to examine cognitive style. Physiological characteristics examined include dichotic (different ear) listening and visual perception speed, both with laterality (right/leftness). This study identifies important differences between the students and IT professionals. The results have implications for both researchers and designers of future information systems.
... 50 volunteers consisting of students, academics and professional staff from Queensland University of Technology were recruited in this study between January 2010 and April 2011 [31]. An invitation to participate in the study was sent via university email. ...
In today's world of information-driven society, many studies are exploring usefulness and ease of use of the technology. The research into personalizing next-generation user interface is also ever increasing. A better understanding of factors that influence users' perception of web search engine performance would contribute in achieving this. This study measures and examines how users' perceived level of prior knowledge and experience influence their perceived level of satisfaction of using the web search engines, and how their perceived level of satisfaction affects their perceived intention to reuse the system. 50 participants from an Australian university participated in the current study, where they performed three search tasks and completed survey questionnaires. A research model was constructed to test the proposed hypotheses. Correlation and regression analyses results indicated a significant correlation between (1) users' prior level of experience and their perceived level of satisfaction in using the web search engines, and (2) their perceived level of satisfaction in using the systems and their perceived intention to reuse the systems. A theoretical model is proposed to illustrate the causal relationships. The implications and limitations of the study are also discussed.
... User's demographic information was collected using a pre-search questionnaire. A detailed description of data collection can be found in Kinley (2013). ...
Previous studies have shown that users' cognitive styles play an important role during web searching. However, only a limited number of studies have showed the relationship between cognitive styles and web search behavior. Most importantly, it is not clear which components of web search behavior are influenced by cognitive styles. This article examines the relationships between users' cognitive styles and their web searching and develops a model that portrays the relationship. The study uses qualitative and quantitative analyses based on data gathered from 50 participants. A questionnaire was utilized to collect participants' demographic information, and Riding's (1991) Cognitive Styles Analysis (CSA) test to assess their cognitive styles. Results show that users' cognitive styles influenced their information-searching strategies, query reformulation behavior, web navigational styles, and information-processing approaches. The user model developed in this study depicts the fundamental relationships between users' web search behavior and their cognitive styles. Modeling web search behavior with a greater understanding of users' cognitive styles can help information science researchers and information systems designers to bridge the semantic gap between the user and the systems. Implications of the research for theory and practice, and future work, are discussed.
User attribution, the process of identifying a human in a digital medium, is a research area that has receive significant attention in information security research areas, with a little research focus on digital forensics. This study explored the probability of the existence of a digital fingerprint based on human thinking style, which can be used to identify an online user. To achieve this, the study utilized Server-side web data of 43-respondents were collected for 10-months as well as a self-report thinking style measurement instrument. Cluster dichotomies from five thinking styles were extracted. Supervised machine-learning techniques were then applied to distinguish individuals on each dichotomy. The result showed that thinking styles of individuals on different dichotomies could be reliably distinguished on the Internet using a Meta classifier of Logistic model tree with bagging technique. The study further modeled how the observed signature can be adopted for a digital forensic process, using high-level universal modeling language modeling process- specifically, the behavioral state-model and use-case modeling process. In addition to the application of this result in forensics process, this result finds relevance and application in human-centered graphical user interface design for recommender system as well as in e-commerce services. It also finds application in online profiling processes, especially in e-learning systems
