Patterns of sclerenchyma tissue (black) in leaf section of Festuca rubra (a, b); F. rechingeri (c, d); F. skvortsovii (e, f); F. chalcophaea (g); F. alaica (h, i); F. sabalanica (j) F. ovina (k) and F. heterophylla (l). 

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... veins). F. varia and F. skvortsovii show a continuous and uniform sub- epidermal sclerenchyma layer, however, F. skvortsovii in some cases forming an interrupted ring with more thickness in middle and two margins ( Table 2). Notably, in the other species studied sclerenchyma tissue appeared as discrete strands in different sizes and arrangements (Fig. 1, a, b, c, d, g, h, i, j, k, l; Fig. 2, b, c, d, e, f, g). In F. rubra and F. chalcophaea the sclerenchyma strands are nearly prominent and as many as the veins (Fig. 1, a, b, g; Table 2). F. sabalanica, F. rechingeri and F. alaica, F. transcaucasica, F. akhanii are characterized by three isolated sclerenchyma tissue located at two leaf margins and ...

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... with more thickness in middle and two margins ( Table 2). Notably, in the other species studied sclerenchyma tissue appeared as discrete strands in different sizes and arrangements (Fig. 1, a, b, c, d, g, h, i, j, k, l; Fig. 2, b, c, d, e, f, g). In F. rubra and F. chalcophaea the sclerenchyma strands are nearly prominent and as many as the veins (Fig. 1, a, b, g; Table 2). F. sabalanica, F. rechingeri and F. alaica, F. transcaucasica, F. akhanii are characterized by three isolated sclerenchyma tissue located at two leaf margins and mid rib (Fig. 1, c, d, h, i, j; Fig. 2, c, g (Fig. 2, b, d, e, f). F. elwendiana usually recognize with somewhat interrupted or unequal sclerenchyma ring; F. ...

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... d, g, h, i, j, k, l; Fig. 2, b, c, d, e, f, g). In F. rubra and F. chalcophaea the sclerenchyma strands are nearly prominent and as many as the veins (Fig. 1, a, b, g; Table 2). F. sabalanica, F. rechingeri and F. alaica, F. transcaucasica, F. akhanii are characterized by three isolated sclerenchyma tissue located at two leaf margins and mid rib (Fig. 1, c, d, h, i, j; Fig. 2, c, g (Fig. 2, b, d, e, f). F. elwendiana usually recognize with somewhat interrupted or unequal sclerenchyma ring; F. valesiaca have 3 stout, sometimes with 2 additional smaller strands alternating, rarely confluent, whereas in F. rupicola sclerenchyma strands are 3 stout, rarely with 2 small strands alternating. This ...

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... with 2 small strands alternating. This study showed that the outline of leaf cross section in combination with other anatomical traits can be used as an anatomical marker among the species examined. In both F. chalcophaea and F. rubra the outline is angular although, in the former it is constantly hexagonal and in the latter differently angular (Fig. 1, a, b, g). Frequently other outlines observed among the remaining are as: ovate, compress- cylindrical, cylindrical and circular (see Table ...

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... of veins showed to be important diagnostic specific feature in some species of this group of fescues; it varied from 3 to 9 and often 5 was the normal number ( Fig. 1; Fig. 2; Table ...

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... from Wien (W 3495) led us to this notion that none of the Iranian Festuca specimens identified as F. ovina so far, belong to this species; this notion is in accordance with Alexeev (1979) and his comments on the specimens in W herbarium. As an approve evidence we provided and presented a sectional profile of F. ovina s. str. (W 3495) (see Fig. 1, ...

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... heterophylla , a close species of F. rubra, is known as Euro-Siberian element that having some specific anatomical characters of basal innovation leaves: 4 angular in section, 3 veins, 5 sclerenchyma strands and 1 adaxial rib (Fig. 1, l Fig. 1, l), also, leaf sections prepared from all specimens identified as F. heterophylla from which TARI 13348, TARI 9319, TARI 438, TARI 16315 showed that there are no F. heterophylla occurring in Iran and all studied species belong to F. ...

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... heterophylla , a close species of F. rubra, is known as Euro-Siberian element that having some specific anatomical characters of basal innovation leaves: 4 angular in section, 3 veins, 5 sclerenchyma strands and 1 adaxial rib (Fig. 1, l Fig. 1, l), also, leaf sections prepared from all specimens identified as F. heterophylla from which TARI 13348, TARI 9319, TARI 438, TARI 16315 showed that there are no F. heterophylla occurring in Iran and all studied species belong to F. ...