Figs 21-22 - uploaded by Antonio Domingos Brescovit
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Types. Female holotype from Serra do Cachimbo, Novo Progresso, Pará, Brazil, deposited in MPEG 2088; female paratype from Fazenda Gold Farm, Vitoriana, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 01.X.1986, I.M.P. Rinaldi & L.C. Forti leg., deposited in UBTU 2658. Etymology. The species is named in honour of the Brazilian arachnologist Isabella M.P. Rinaldi, who collected one of the type specimens. Diagnosis. Females of this species can be easily distinguished from others by the wide deep epigynal atrium (Figs 21 and 22). Description. Female (holotype). Total length: 4.35. Carapace dark brown, 1.75 long, 1.10 wide, 0.65 high. Cephalic area black. Ocular quadrangle 0.85 long. Anterior eye row 0.90 wide and posterior 0.95 wide. Chelicera brown. Endite, labium and sternum dark brown. Legs 4132, yellow, I-II with longitudinal brown stripes. Length of femur: I 0.80, II 0.65, III 0.65, IV 1.00; patella + tibia: I 1.00, II 0.75, III 0.70, IV 1.15; metatarsus + tarsus: I 0.55, II 0.55, III 0.75, IV 0.95. Spination. Femur I, II, III, IV d1-1-1; tibia I, II v1pr, III v2di, IV v2di, p1; metatarsus I, II v2-2, III, IV v1, p2di, r1di. Abdomen cream colored with a pair of wide longitudinal brown stripes laterally and a narrow longitudinal brown one; ventrally grayish. Epigynum as in figures 21 and 22. Spinnerets dark brown. Male. Unknown. Variation. Two females: total length: 4.35-4.45; carapace length: 1.75-1.80. Additional material examined. BRAZIL, Pará: Novo Progresso (Serra do Cachimbo, Campo de Provas Brigadeiro Velloso), 1 female, 8.IX-25.V.2003, A.B. Bonaldo leg. (IBSP 81049, ex- MPEG 1364). Distribution. Known from the states of Pará and São Paulo, Brazil.
Source publication
The genus Helvetia Peckham & Peckham, 1894 is revised. The species H. zebrina Simon, 1901 and H. zonata Simon, 1901 are synonymized with H. cancrimana (Taczanowski, 1872). The species H. insularis (Banks, 1902) is synonymized with H. albovittata Simon, 1901. The genus Deloripa Simon, 1901 is considered a junior synonym of Helvetia by transfer of it...
Citations
... The Chrysillini Simon (sensu Maddison 2015), formerly known as the Heliophaninae, are generally small to medium-sized foliage dwellers with delicate legs. Some chrysilline species fluoresce, some are myrmecophagous, some live in nest aggregations, and many have a stridulatory apparatus in both males and females (Jackson 1986;Maddison 1987;Lim et al. 2007;Ruiz & Brescovit 2008;Pekár & Haddad 2011;Maddison 2015). Many chrysilline genera, though not all, are comprised of species with a bump on the tegulum about 90° clockwise from the base of the embolus of the left palp as viewed from below (Maddison & Hedin 2003;Ruiz & Brescovit 2008). ...
... Some chrysilline species fluoresce, some are myrmecophagous, some live in nest aggregations, and many have a stridulatory apparatus in both males and females (Jackson 1986;Maddison 1987;Lim et al. 2007;Ruiz & Brescovit 2008;Pekár & Haddad 2011;Maddison 2015). Many chrysilline genera, though not all, are comprised of species with a bump on the tegulum about 90° clockwise from the base of the embolus of the left palp as viewed from below (Maddison & Hedin 2003;Ruiz & Brescovit 2008). The tribe Chrysillini includes a large and welldelimited clade to which Helvetia belongs, supported as monophyletic by molecular data and morphological characters that include a stridulatory apparatus which generally consists of structures developed on the femora that are rubbed against a granulose portion of the carapace (Maddison & Hedin 2003;Ruiz & Brescovit 2008;Bodner & Maddison 2012;Maddison 2015). ...
... Many chrysilline genera, though not all, are comprised of species with a bump on the tegulum about 90° clockwise from the base of the embolus of the left palp as viewed from below (Maddison & Hedin 2003;Ruiz & Brescovit 2008). The tribe Chrysillini includes a large and welldelimited clade to which Helvetia belongs, supported as monophyletic by molecular data and morphological characters that include a stridulatory apparatus which generally consists of structures developed on the femora that are rubbed against a granulose portion of the carapace (Maddison & Hedin 2003;Ruiz & Brescovit 2008;Bodner & Maddison 2012;Maddison 2015). ...
The jumping spider genus Helvetia Peckham & Peckham 1894 (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini) is recorded for the first time from Colombia, with the species H. albovittata Simon, 1901 associated with ant nests in mangrove forest from south of the Gulf of Morrosquillo, Caribbean Colombia. This is the first record of the genus from Colombia and the northernmost record of the genus for South America. New illustrations are shown, and additional records from Argentina are presented. A distribution map with both new and previously published records is included.
South America is the fourth largest continent on the planet; its birds, mammals, and amphibian's biodiversity is relatively well known, but no outright assessment of the continent spider (Araneae) fauna has been done to date. From January 2019 to August 2020, a recompilation of all spider species registered to occur in South America was conducted based on the data available from the World Spider Catalog [2020. Version 18.5. Natural History Museum Bern. [cited Jan 2019–Aug 2020]]. The assessment revealed that the South American spider fauna comprises 83 families, 1018 genera, and 8302 species, representing 17% of the world spider fauna biodiversity; however, 94% of the spider-specific biodiversity is found nowhere else on earth. A total of 78 species have been introduced in South America, while 30 species were exported from the South American continent to other parts of the world. For all South American families, an overview of the current knowledge is presented: distribution, endemism, taxonomical inconsistency, and problems are discussed. The complete checklist of spiders occurring in SA with distribution given by countries and the complete list of introduced and exported species with details of their native region and current known distribution are presented.
A total of 16 species of the family Salticidae are identified from the Córdoba Department of the Colombian Caribbean Region. The genera Acragas Simon 1900, Gastromicans Mello-Leitão 1917 and Tittanatus Peckham & Peckham 1885, and the species Corythalia brevispina (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge 1901), Frigga crocuta (Taczanowski 1878) and Jollas pompatus (Peckham & Peckham 1894) are reported for the first time from Colombia.
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the most widely used information source on the extinction risk of species. One of the uses of the Red List is to evaluate and monitor the state of biodiversity and a possible approach for this purpose is the Red List Index (RLI). For many taxa, mainly hyperdiverse groups, it is not possible within available resources to assess all known species. In such cases, a random sample of species might be selected for assessment and the results derived from it extrapolated for the entire group - the Sampled Red List Index (SRLI). The current contribution is the third in four papers that will constitute the baseline of a future spider SRLI encompassing 200 species distributed across the world.
A sample of 200 species of spiders were randomly selected from the World Spider Catalogue, an updated global database containing all recognized species names for the group. The 200 selected species where divided taxonomically at the family level, and the familes were ordered alphabetically. In this publication, we present the conservation profiles of 58 species belonging to the famillies alphabetically arranged between Oecobiidae and Salticidae, which encompassed Oecobiidae, Oonopidae, Orsolobidae, Oxyopidae, Palpimanidae, Philodromidae, Pholcidae, Pisauridae, Prodidomidae and Salticidae.
Se presenta una sinopsis taxonómica parcial a nivel de género de las arañas saltarinas de la familia Salticidae Blackwall, 1841 (Araneae: Dyonicha) para Colombia. Se registran 105 géneros, 7 subtribus, 17 tribus y tres subfamilias, de los cuales 62 géneros, una subtribu (Harmochirina Simon, 1903), cuatro tribus (Hasariini Simon, 1903, Lapsiini Maddison, 2015, Myrmarachnini Simon, 1901 y Thiodinini Simon, 1901), y una subfamilia (Spartaeinae Wanless, 1984) corresponden a nuevos registros para la fauna de Salticidae de Colombia. Debido a la enorme limitación de tiempo para completar este trabajo en un semestre, sólo se incluye información para 31 géneros, configurando el presente trabajo en una primera entrega de géneros de Salticidae de Colombia. Adicionalmente, se incluye una introducción general a la diversidad y sistemática de Salticidae, presentando información como diagnosis, características generales, comentarios en sistemática e historia natural para cada uno de los géneros incluidos, así como imágenes diagnósticas, mapas de distribución y literatura de interés. Así mismo se incluye una primera clave taxonómica general de los géneros de Salticidae de Colombia, equivalente a aproximadamente 40% de los géneros del Nuevo Mundo. De esta manera se confirma a Colombia como un país con una enorme riqueza en el grupo. Finalmente, se ofrece un listado anexo que considera todas las especies de Salticidae del Nuevo Mundo.
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A partial taxonomic synopsis at genus level of the jumping spiders of the family Salticidae Blackwall, 1841 (Araneae: Dyonicha) from Colombia, is presented. 105 genera, 7 subtribes, 17 tribes and three subfamilies are officially reported, of which 62 genera, one subtribe (Harmochirina Simon, 1903), four tribes (Hasariini Simon, 1903, Lapsiini Maddison, 2015, Myrmarachnini Simon, 1901 and Thiodinini Simon, 1901), and one subfamily (Spartaeinae Wanless, 1984) correspond to new records for the salticid fauna of Colombia. Due to the enormous time limitation to complete this work in a semester, only information for 31 genera is included, configuring the present work in a first version of Genera of jumping spiders from Colombia. Additionally, a general introduction to the diversity and systematics of Salticidae is included, presenting information such as diagnosis, general characteristics, comments in systematics and natural history for each of the included genera, as well as diagnostic images, distribution maps and recommended literature. Likewise, a first general taxonomic key of the genera of Salticidae of Colombia, aproximatelly 40% of those from the New World, is included. In this way, Colombia is confirmed as a country with an enormous richness in the group. Finally, a list that considers all the salticid species of the New World is presented.
Two new genera of jumping spiders are proposed to include new heliophanines from Brazil. Kupiuka gen. nov. is based on the type species K. extratheca sp. nov. and Plesiopiuka gen. nov. is based on P. simplex sp. nov., both from the State of Amazonas. Besides its type species, Kupiuka includes K. murici sp. nov. from the State of Alagoas, K. overalli sp. nov. from the State of Pará, K. taruman sp. nov. and K. adisi sp. nov. from the State of Amazonas, K. heteropicta sp. nov. and K. vochysiae sp. nov. from the State of Mato Grosso and K. paulista sp. nov. from the State of São Paulo.
List of spiders species (Arachnida, Araneae) of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A spiders species list including 808 species of 51 families occurring in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, is presented. Type locality, municipalities of occurrence and taxonomic bibliography concerning these species are indicated.
A spiders species list including 808 species of 51 families occurring in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, is presented. Type locality, municipalities of occurrence and taxonomic bibliography concerning these species are indicated.
Current knowledge of "micronetine" female genitalia is almost exclusively based on transmitted light microscopy data. As such, our understanding of the epigynal anatomy is incomplete and somewhat misleading, to the extent that it hinders comparative studies of linyphiid diversity. We used scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) to study the complex epigynal morphology of "micronetine" spiders. Enzymatic digestion of soft tissues allowed us to examine the internal chitinized structures in detail using SEM. A taxonomic sample of nine species was selected to represent the morphological genitalic diversity of female "micronetines" (including one member of the Erigoninae clade). Results reveal that the epigynum consists of a pair of grooves formed by integument folds (copulatory and fertilization grooves). The protruding epigynal region is divided into a ventral and a dorsal plate by the grooves; both plates can be modified to form an epigynal cavity and/or a scape. Our observations confirm the widespread occurrence of epigynal grooves, rather than ducts, in "micronetines". Epigynal grooves seem to be common in linyphioids and other spider groups.
