Figs 7 20
– Guignardia bispora (MFLU 10 0464, holotype). 7 Leaf blight on Areca sp. 8 Appearance of ascomata on the host surface. 9 Section of ascoma. 10 Peridium comprising one strata of textura angularis comprising 2–3 layers of cells with an apex of thickened brown walls. 11–12 Asci. 13–16 Ascospores ellipsoidal, swollen in the centre, inequilaterally ellipsoidal from above with polar mucilaginous appendage (ascospore type 1). 17–20 ascospores cylindrical to slightly curved in any view with polar mucilaginous appendage (ascospore type 2) – Bars 8 = 200 µm, 9, 10 = 20 µm, 11, 12 = 12 µm, 13–16, 18, 19 = 5 µm, 17, 20 = 4 µm.
Source publication
KD. 2011 – Guignardia bispora and G. ellipsoidea spp. nov. and other Guignardia species from palms (Arecaceae). Mycosphere 2(2), 115– 128. Two Guignardia species collected in northern Thailand differ morphologically from previously known Guignardia species recorded on palms. Guignardia bispora sp. nov. is distinguished by having two ascospore types...
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... The root-shoot ratio is an important factor in plant growth which reflects the comparison between water absorption capacity and minerals with the transpiration process and plant photosynthetic area [16]. The root-shoot ratio describes the seedling's ability if planted on the soil. ...
Tailing was residue of gold mining process which lead to some environment problem. Beside containing heavy metal, tailing have lower soil fertility, physical, chemical and biological characteristics. To overcome this problem, revegetation activities was needed. The succesfulness of revegetation activities determined by adaptive trees selection. Local species was recommended because suitable to local climate and soil conditions, in this study we choosed toba benzoin (Styrax sumatrana) and suren (Toona sureni). The objective of this research was to get information about adaptability of toba benzoin and suren on growth media containing tailings. Research was conducted in green hause Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara. Factorial Randomized Completely Design with two factor were used in this research. The first factor was growing media (Factor A) and the second factor was seedling species (Factor B). The observed parameter were seedling height, seedling diameter, seedling dry weight, primary root lenght, shoot-root ratio and chemical properties of media. The results showed that the species and growing medium significantly affected the height growth of seedlings, seedling diameter, seedling dry weight and length of the primary root. The addition of topsoil and compost able to improve the chemical properties of the tailings are used. Tailings media and compost with composition ratio of 1:1 is recommended for Toba benzoin and Suren. That media provide the most optimal results of Toba benzoin and suren growth.
... P. capitalensis (Okane et al. 2001;Wikee et al. 2011). Pathogenic species, on the other hand, are often specific to host genus or family (Hudson 1987;Wang et al. 2011;Wulandari et al. 2011). Colony on PDA (front and reverse). ...
Phyllosticta styracicola sp. nov. on Styrax grandiflorus from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan province, China, and Phyllosticta hubeiensis sp. nov. on Viburnum odoratissimum from Shennongjia forest, Hubei province, China, are described and illustrated in this paper. Phylogenetic analysis based on nrDNA-internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and a combined multi-locus alignment of the ITS, partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1), actin (ACT) and glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene regions indicated that these two species were closely related to P. ampelicida and P. gaultheriae respectively. Justifications of the novelties of both species are provided.
... Four new species were introduced from Japan by Motohashi et al. (2008), while Phyllosticta citriasiana Wulandari, Crous and Gruyter, from the peel of the fruit Citrus maxima was introduced from China and Thailand (Wulandari et al., 2009). Three new species of the sexual state of Phyllosticta have also recently been introduced and include Guignardia musicola, Wulandari, Cai and Hyde, Guignardia bispora, Wulandari and Hyde, and Guignardia ellipsoidea, Wulandari and Hyde from the palms in northern Thailand (Wulandari et al., 2010a,b, 2011). Glienke et al. (2011) also introduced Phyllosticta bifrenariae Pereira, Glienke and Crous on orchids, Phyllosticta citribraziliensis Glienke and Crous on Citrus and Phyllosticta brazilianiae, Stringri, Glienke and Crous on Mangifera indica and epitypified Phyllosticta capitalensis Henn. ...
A leaf spotting disease of an ornamental variety of Ophiopogon japonicus was discovered at several locations in northern Thailand. In all cases a species of Phyllosticta was associated with the lesions. Phyllosticta ophiopogonis sp. nov. is distinguished from Phyllosticta species from Liliaceae in conidia size, mucilaginous sheath and appendage thus the species is introduced as new in this paper. The new species which causes unsightly lesions on this ornamental plant is described, illustrated and compared with other similar Phyllosticta species.
... Investigation of Phyllosticta/ Guignardia species have been carried out on various hosts such as Musa spp. [85] and palms [87] in Northern Thailand. Guignardia musicola and G. morindae associated with freckle disease of leaves of banana and frog eye disease of leaves of Morinda citrifolia have also been recorded [85,86]. ...
Plant disease associated fungi are of concern to plant pathologists, plant breeders,
post harvest disease experts, quarantine officials and farmers in Thailand. Checklists with
sound morphological identification are paramount to work by these specialists. In recent years
molecular techniques have been applied to species identification and many species have been
shown to comprise numerous cryptic species. In this paper, the need for modern systematic
treatments of several important phytopathogenic genera are highlighted and a recommendation
for future research of plant pathogens in Thailand is discussed.
... Asci are 8-spored, bitunicate, clavate to broadly ellipsoid , with a wide, slightly square apex, tapering gradually to a small pedicel, and with a welldeveloped ocular chamber. Ascospores are ellipsoid to limoniform, sometimes slightly elongated, aseptate, hyaline, often guttulate or with a large central guttule, and some have mucilaginous polar appendages (van der Aa 1973; Wulandari et al. 2011,Fig. 3d–f). ...
... P. citricarpa causes leaf spot disease of Citrus species, while P. citriasiana can infect fruits of Citrus maxima (pomeloes), and causes tan spot and has only been isolated from pomeloes, but has never been found from lemons, mandarins and oranges, and Phyllosticta musarum is specific on Musa spp. (Wulandari et al. 2009Wulandari et al. , 2010Wulandari et al. , 2011 ). P. capitalensis is an endophyte of a wide range of hosts (Okane et al. 2003; Baayen et al. 2002). ...
... Wulandari, L. Cai & K.D Hyde, G. bispora N.F. Wulandari & K.D. Hyde, Wulandari et al. 2010 Wulandari et al. , 2011) and these also need recollecting and sequencing to establish their relationships with species of Phyllosticta and whether they can be considered as distinct species. Phyllosticta ampelicida (Engelm.) ...
Phyllosticta is an important coelomycetous plant pathogenic genus known to cause leaf spots and various fruit diseases worldwide on a large range of hosts. Species recognition in Phyllosticta has historically been based on morphology, culture characters and host association. Although there have been several taxonomic revisions and enumerations of species, there is still considerable confusion when identifying taxa. Recent studies based on molecular data have resolved some cryptic species and some novel taxa have been discovered. However, compared to the wide species diversity and taxonomic records, there is a lack of molecular studies to resolve current names in the genus. A phylogenetic tree is here generated by combined gene analysis (ITS, partial actin and partial elongation factor 1α) using a selected set of taxa including type-derived sequences available in GenBank. Life modes, modal lifecycle and applications of the genus in biocontrol and metabolite production are also discussed. We present a selected set of taxa as an example of resolved and newly described species in the genus and these are annotated with host range, distribution, disease symptoms and notes of additional information with comments where future work is needed.
... Investigation of Phyllosticta/ Guignardia species have been carried out on various hosts such as Musa spp. [85] and palms [87] in Northern Thailand. Guignardia musicola and G. morindae associated with freckle disease of leaves of banana and frog eye disease of leaves of Morinda citrifolia have also been recorded [85,86]. ...
Plant disease associated fungi are of concern to plant pathologists, plant breeders, post harvest disease experts, quarantine officials and farmers in Thailand. Checklists with sound morphological identification are paramount to work by these specialists. In recent years molecular techniques have been applied to species identification and many species have been shown to comprise numerous cryptic species. In this paper, the need for modern systematic treatments of several important phytopathogenic genera are highlighted and a recommendation for future research of plant pathogens in Thailand is discussed.
Over the past three decades, a wealth of studies has shown that palm trees (Arecaceae) are a diverse habitat with intense fungal colonisation, making them an important substratum to explore fungal diversity. Palm trees are perennial, monocotyledonous plants mainly restricted to the tropics that include economically important crops and highly valued ornamental plants worldwide. The extensive research conducted in Southeast Asia and Australasia indicates that palm fungi are undoubtedly a taxonomically diverse assemblage from which a remarkable number of new species is continuously being reported. Despite this wealth of data, no recent comprehensive review on palm fungi exists to date. In this regard, we present here a historical account and discussion of the research on the palm fungi to reflect on their importance as a diverse and understudied assemblage. The taxonomic structure of palm fungi is also outlined, along with comments on the need for further studies to place them within modern DNA sequence-based classifications. Palm trees can be considered model plants for studying fungal biodiversity and, therefore, the key role of palm fungi in biodiversity surveys is discussed. The close association and intrinsic relationship between palm hosts and palm fungi, coupled with a high fungal diversity, suggest that the diversity of palm fungi is still far from being fully understood. The figures suggested in the literature for the diversity of palm fungi have been revisited and updated here. As a result, it is estimated that there are about 76,000 species of palm fungi worldwide, of which more than 2500 are currently known. This review emphasises that research on palm fungi may provide answers to a number of current fungal biodiversity challenges.
Numerous new taxa and classifications of Dothideomycetes have been published following the last monograph of families of
Dothideomycetes in 2013. A recent publication by Honsanan et al. in 2020 expanded information of families in Dothideomycetidae
and Pleosporomycetidae with modern classifications. In this paper, we provide a refined updated document on
orders and families incertae sedis of Dothideomycetes. Each family is provided with an updated description, notes, including
figures to represent the morphology, a list of accepted genera, and economic and ecological significances. We also provide
phylogenetic trees for each order. In this study, 31 orders which consist 50 families are assigned as orders incertae sedis in
Dothideomycetes, and 41 families are treated as families incertae sedis due to lack of molecular or morphological evidence.
The new order, Catinellales, and four new families, Catinellaceae, Morenoinaceae Neobuelliellaceae and Thyrinulaceae
are introduced. Seven genera (Neobuelliella, Pseudomicrothyrium, Flagellostrigula, Swinscowia, Macroconstrictolumina,
Pseudobogoriella, and Schummia) are introduced. Seven new species (Acrospermum urticae, Bogoriella complexoluminata,
Dothiorella ostryae, Dyfrolomyces distoseptatus, Macroconstrictolumina megalateralis, Patellaria microspora, and Pseudomicrothyrium
thailandicum) are introduced base on morphology and phylogeny, together with two new records/reports
and five new collections from different families. Ninety new combinations are also provided in this paper.
Corynespora hamata, C. acalyphae and C. gracilis are described and illustrated as new species, based on collections made in Indonesia.
