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Wind turbine efficiency depends up on one of the important parameters as the speed of the blade. for a lighter blade a small wind force is enough to rotate it, where as a heavy blade will require large and steady wind loads. To improve the wind turbine performance the blade material is being changed from epoxy glass to epoxy carbon. The modeling wa...
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... Generally, and during energy crises [6], researchers and energy providers try to find solutions to meet the energy demand. To solve the necessary electricity supply for users, wind turbine developers optimise their turbines for different environments [7], e.g., there are diffusers to catch more wind or to increase the wind's kinetic energy [8] [9], or there are airfoil [10] and blade designs [11] for specific environments, or there are new places where the wind turbines can produce electricity like a solar chimney [12] or like a turbine installed on buildings in cities [13]. ...
Nowadays increasing energy demand and the current energy crisis in Europe highlighted the need for independent and cheap energy sources which can be produced at the place of use. A good example of this energy sources are the renewables, from which wind energy is one. Humanity is using wind energy since the beginning of the history but electrical energy generation from the wind started at the end of the 19th century. During the evolution of wind energy utilization, wind turbines are becoming more and more efficient. A special kind of these turbines are the non-conventional wind turbines which are aiming to be efficient in a special condition. One of these new turbine designs is the CO-DRWT (Counter-Rotating Dual Rotor Wind Turbine), where there are two rotors in one tower.
During our research, we examined some layouts for a CO-DRWT. In these spatial arrangements, we were able to change the second rotor’s axial and radial positions. Within two in axial and one diameter in the radial region, we were running CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation to determine the interaction of the two turbines and for calculating the overall power coefficient (cp) for the two rotors. Meanwhile, in our analysis, we defined some spatial arrangements where the CO-DRWT’s overall cp is less than the cp of a Single Rotor Wind Turbine (SRWT) from the same geometry. We also defined regions where the CO-DRWT’s cp is higher than the SRWT’s. With our geometry and with our simulation’s boundary conditions we find the optimal place for operating a CO-DRWT is the R = 0D radial distance with A = 2.1D axial distance (where the D is the rotor’s diameter) where the cp is 0.514, also the worst arrangement is the R = 0.35D with A = 1.25D where the cp = 0.354, while an SRWT’s cp from the same geometry is 0.377. According to our simulations, the energy density and the power coefficient of an optimized CO-DRWT are 1.363 times higher than an SRWT has.
... The design condition of stiffness is defined as the ability to withstand anticipated loads and charges with minimal flexural displacement. To certify the wind turbine blade, various tests at different scales, as depicted in Fig. 1, are conducted to evaluate the effects of parameters such as fiber material, number of layers, number and speed of cycles, and reinforcement localization [28,30,31]. ...
This article aims to evaluate the performance of a blade prototype made of composite materials in terms of stiffness and mechanical strength. In this purpose, a series of load levels will be applied to the blade in the direction of flapwise and edgewise loading to characterize strength and stiffness of the structure which is degrades as a function of the loading rate and the number of cycles. A test bench has been designed and built in the laboratory to test a blade of 712 mm in length for fatigue. The results of this experiment will be used to assess the structural integrity of the blades during their manufacturing process.
... The results are shown in the Table 4, so from above analysis is found that the structural steel material is having fewer values of the stress and strain it means the structure steel material is bearing the stress and strain thus it can be used for turbine rotor blade. [11,12] ...
Scarcity of electricity created pressure to think on non-conventional energy sources. In this research work, a Savonius rotor Vertical wind turbine used and adapted for household and domestic electricity generation. Investigation on various materials of blades was carried out. The innovative turbine technology collects wind energy and converts it into electricity, which in turn to charge heavy duty battery. For the design & analysis PRO-E, ANSYS software was used. Structure steel is found suitable for such application.
... Energi angin merupakan salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang berpotensi dikembangkan. Energi angin ini bersih serta tidak mencemari lingkungan dalam pemanfaatannya menjadi energi listrik atau mekanik [3]. ...
The need for electricity in Indonesia becoming increasingly part of people's needs. Fossil fuels suchas oil and coal used as the main material for producing electrical energy the more limitedavailability, especially in its use of fossil fuels that pollute the environment. Wind energy is arenewable energy source that could potentially be developed. Wind energy is clean and does notpollute the environment in utilization into mechanical or electrical energy. The conversion of windenergy into electrical energy by converting this energy into mechanical rotation. In the wind energyutilization process made a tool to convert wind energy into electrical energy, that is windturbines.Wind turbine or windmill is a tool for converting wind energy. Wind turbines transformkinetic energy into mechanical energy in the form of a round shaft. Shaft speed is then used to rotatethe dynamo or a generator which produces electricity. The research was carried out on a horizontalaxis wind turbine NACA 4412, diameter 1 m, the number of blades 3 pieces and variations in windspeed 2-8 m / s. Results showed the greatest lift (CL) at 14o angle of attack with a value of 1.583.The driving force of the smallest (CD) at an angle of attack -4o to 2o with a value of 0.008. Value CL/ CD was found in the angle of attack of 6o with a value of 93.057. The maximum power generatedby 484.63 Watt. Wind speed, the number of blades, angle of attack and the election of the airfoileffect on the generated power.Keywords : wind energy, wind turbines, airfoil NACA 4412.
... Where a lightweight blade is rotated within a lower wind speeds range and less load compared with a heavy blade. So, the static analysis of ANSYS by V. M. Kumar et al [47],showed better results for epoxy carbon material compared epoxy to glass with regard to total deformation, directional deformation, equivalent stresses, normal stresses and shear stresses . ...
Wind energy technology is one of the fastest growing alternative energy technologies. However, conventional turbines commercially available in some countries are designed to operate at relatively high speeds to be appropriately efficient, limiting the use of wind turbines in areas with low wind speeds, such as urban areas. Therefore, a technique to enhance the possibility of wind energy use within the range of low speeds is needed. The techniques of augmenting wind by the concept of Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbine (DAWT) have been used to improve the efficiency of the wind turbines by increasing the wind speed upstream of the turbine. In this paper, a comprehensive review of previous studies on improving or augmentation power of horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) have been reviewed in two categories, first related with relative improvement of energy by improving the aerodynamic forces that affecting on HAWT in some different modifications for blades. Second, reviews different techniques to the augment the largest possible amount of power from HAWT focusing on DAWTs to gather information, helping researchers understand the research efforts undertaken so far and identify knowledge gaps in this area. DAWTs are studied in terms of diffuser shape design, sizing of investigation and geometry features which involved diffuser length, diffuser angle, and flange height. The conclusions in this work show that the use of DAWT achieves a quantum leap in increasing the production of wind power, especially in small turbines in urban areas if it properly designed. On the other hand, shrouding the wind turbine by the diffuser reduces the noise and protects the rotor blades from possible damage.
... The pressure difference from the front and back of the turbine can be obtained and is given as: 46 If we substitute equation (3.13) into (3.10) we obtain: ...
The wind turbine blades are the main part of the rotor. Extraction of energy from wind depends on the design of the blade. A design method based on Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is explained for small horizontal–axis wind turbine model (HAWT) blades. The method was used to optimize the chord and twist distributions of the wind turbine blades to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and consequently, increasing the generated power. A Fortran program was developed to use (BEM) in designing a model of horizontal–axis wind turbine (HAWT). NACA 4412 airfoil was selected for the design of the wind turbine blade. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of HAWT blade cross section was carried out at various blade angles with the help of ANSYS Fluent 15 software. Present results are compared with other published results. Power generated from wind turbine increases with increasing blade angle due to the increase in air–velocity impact on the wind turbine blade. For blade angle change from to , the turbine power from wind has a small change and reaches the maximum when the blade angle equals to . Thus, HAWT power depends on the blade profile and its orientation.
Three dimensional study, to demonstrate the effect of winglet dimensions at the tip of the blade on the performance of a small horizontal-axis wind turbine, was introduced experimentally and computationally. The blades with five different configurations of winglets were used for this study. The winglet height was changed from 1% to 5% of the wind turbine rotor with cant angle 900. Different quantities such as power, power coefficient, thrust force, thrust force coefficient, and wind turbine rotational speed were investigated for different winglet heights. This was done for wind speeds from cut-in wind speed (3.12 m/s) to maximum wind speed (9.2 m/s) that was available from the experimental facility.
Generally, based on the present experimental and computational results, there are noticed enhancements in power and thrust coefficients in some cases with winglet. Depending on the operating conditions, these enhancements may range from 2% to 3%.
... Where a lightweight blade is rotated within a lower wind speeds range and less load compared with a heavy blade. So, the static analysis of ANSYS by V. M. Kumar et al [47],showed better results for epoxy carbon material compared epoxy to glass with regard to total deformation, directional deformation, equivalent stresses, normal stresses and shear stresses . ...
Wind energy technology is one of the fastest growing alternative energy technologies. However, conventional turbines commercially available in some countries are designed to operate at relatively high speeds to be appropriately efficient, limiting the use of wind turbines in areas with low wind speeds, such as urban areas. Therefore, a technique to enhance the possibility of wind energy use within the range of low speeds is needed. The techniques of augmenting wind by the concept of Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbine (DAWT) have been used to improve the efficiency of the wind turbines by increasing the wind speed upstream of the turbine. In this paper, a comprehensive review of previous studies on improving or augmentation power of horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) have been reviewed in two categories, first related with relative improvement of energy by improving the aerodynamic forces that affecting on HAWT in some different modifications for blades. Second, reviews different techniques to the augment the largest possible amount of power from HAWT focusing on DAWTs to gather information, helping researchers understand the research efforts undertaken so far and identify knowledge gaps in this area. DAWTs are studied in terms of diffuser shape design, sizing of investigation and geometry features which involved diffuser length, diffuser angle, and flange height. The conclusions in this work show that the use of DAWT achieves a quantum leap in increasing the production of wind power, especially in small turbines in urban areas if it properly designed. On the other hand, shrouding the wind turbine by the diffuser reduces the noise and protects the rotor blades from possible damage.
... The pressure difference from the front and back of the turbine can be obtained and is given as: 46 If we substitute equation (3.13) into (3.10) we obtain: ...
The wind turbine blades are the main part of the rotor. Extraction of energy from wind depends on the design of the blade. A design method based on Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is explained for small horizontal–axis wind turbine model (HAWT) blades. The method was used to optimize the chord and twist distributions of the wind turbine blades to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and consequently, increasing the generated power. A FORTRAN program was developed to use (BEM) in designing a model of horizontal–axis wind turbine (HAWT). NACA 4412 airfoil was selected for the design of the wind turbine blade. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of HAWT blade cross section was carried out at various blade angles with the help of ANSYS Fluent 15 software. Present results are compared with other published results. Power generated from wind turbine increases with increasing blade angle due to the increase in air–velocity impact on the wind turbine blade. For blade angle change from 0 20 to 0 60 , the turbine power from wind has a small change and reaches the maximum when the blade angle equals to 0 90 . Thus, HAWT power depends on the blade profile and its orientation. Three dimensional studies, to demonstrate the effect of winglet dimensions at the tip of the blade on the performance of a small horizontal-axis wind turbine, were introduced experimentally and computationally. The blades with five different configurations of winglets were used for this study. The winglet height was changed from 1% to 5% of the wind turbine rotor with cant angle 900. Different quantities such as power, power coefficient, thrust force, thrust force coefficient, and wind turbine rotational speed were investigated for different winglet heights. This was done for wind speeds from cut-in wind speed (3.12 m/s) to maximum wind speed (9.2 m/s) that was available from the experimental facility. Generally, based on the present experimental and computational results, there are noticed enhancements in power and thrust coefficients in some cases with winglet. Depending on the operating conditions, these enhancements may range from 2% to 3%.
... To give results in terms of power coefficient curve ( ) P C λ − . Hence, maximum power coefficient was obtained for the solidity in the range of 3% to 12% for a number of blades of 3, 5, and 7. Kumar et al. [12] changed the wind turbine blade material from epoxy glass to epoxy carbon to improve the wind turbine performance. The modeling and the static and dynamic structural analysis was carried out by using ANSYS software. ...
... Figure (12) shows solidity ratio along the blade length. It is clear that the solidity ratio is decreased from (0.937335) at blade hub to (0.012732) at blade tip. ...
The wind turbine blades are the main part of the rotor. Extraction of energy from wind depends on the design of the blade. In this paper, a design method based on Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is explained for small horizontal– axis wind turbine model (HAWT) blades. The method was used to optimize the chord and twist distributions of the wind turbine blades to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and consequently, increasing the generated power. A Fortran program was developed to use (BEM) in designing a model of Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT). NACA 4412 airfoil was selected for the design of the wind turbine blade. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of HAWT blade cross section was carried out at various blade angles with the help of ANSYS Fluent. Present results are compared with other published results. Power generated from wind turbine increases with increasing blade angle due to the increase in air– velocity impact on the wind turbine blade. For blade angle change from 20° to 60°, the turbine power from wind has a small change and reaches the maximum when the blade angle equals to 90°. Thus, HAWT power depends on the blade profile and its orientation.
p> Energy use in Indonesia is increasing while energy reserves in Indonesia are running low. In an effort to meet energy needs in Indonesia, there must be the development of renewable energy sources by utilizing wind energy to be converted into electrical energy using a horizontal wind turbine generator. To optimize the wind turbine generator, you can change its parameters, one of which is by changing the design of the generator magnet.
The method used in this study is an experimental method, where the variables used in this study are the design of the magnet skew, the design of the interior magnet and the design of the magnet surface. This research was conducted at wind speeds of 1 m/s to 5 m/s using a wind tunnel. Tests were carried out using 12 V and 24 V lamp loads and no-load tests to determine the power generated by each generator.
The results of the research are the design of the magnet on the generator rotor and variations in wind speed affect the power produced by the wind turbine, the magnetic skew produces a power of 0.974 W, the interior magnet produces a power of 0.674 W and the surface magnet produces a power of 1.386 W. Tests without load and speed variations The wind affects the power produced by the wind turbine, where the power at the generator cannot be calculated. Tests with loading and wind speed variations affect the power produced by the wind turbine, where each loading test has various results such as when a load is given to the magnetic surface design at a wind speed of 5 m/s with a loading of 24 V producing a power of 1.386 W.</em
