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In this paper, an analysis study on parameters which affecting the backflash over pattern cause by lightning is done. A 132kV double circuit transmission line is modeled using ElectroMagnetic Transient Program EMTP software for backflash over simulation. A vertically configured double circuit transmission line can be modeled into several parts: tow...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... 132kV double circuit transmission tower with two ground wire is modeled. The tower is a vertically configured as shown in Figure 1 and the height is 28.22m. The phase conductors of double circuit line are arranged differently for each circuit. ...
Context 2
... is some delay which follows the increases of the distance due to travelling time of lightning current to the studied tower. DEV7/Air5@vb@1: 0 striking distance, DEV6/Air5@vb@1: 300m striking distance DEV5/Air5@vb@1:600m striking distance, DEV4/Air5@vb@1: 900m striking distance DEV3/Air5@vb@1:1200m striking distance Figure 9. Voltage across insulator string at first circuit of blue conductor DEV7/Air1@vb@1: 0 striking distance, DEV6/Air1@vb@1: 300m striking distance DEV5/Air1@vb@1:600m striking distance, DEV4/Air1@vb@1: 900m striking distance DEV3/Air1@vb@1:1200m striking distance Figure 10. Voltage across insulator string at second circuit of blue conductor ...
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Citations
... Previous works have analyzed the impacts of several parameters on flashover performance of both single and double circuit transmission lines [1,[3][4][5][6]. Among the parameters highlighted are lightning current magnitude, steepness of the wave front, power frequency reference angle, tower footing resistance, coupling effect of shield wires and phase conductors. ...
Direct lightning strikes on overhead lines and towers causes power system outages. Optimal surge arrester placement is a practical and economical protection technique. From research trends, three types of transmission line arresters are in practice: Non-Gapped Line Arrester (NGLA), Externally Gapped Line Arrester (EGLA) and Multi Chamber Insulator Arrester (MCIA). This study proposed a simplified guide for selecting the most suitable line arrester considering the placement configurations, double circuit outage prevention and energy capabilities. Electromagnetic Transient Program was implemented to analyze back flashover performance of a typical 275 kV double circuit transmission line in Malaysia. Critical flashover parameters considered are lightning current magnitude, tower footing resistance, and power frequency angle. Analyzed results from the three arresters found that installing four arresters, two per circuit, at the lower and upper phases respectively, is the most optimal and universal double outage mitigation technique. Energy comparison reveals that MCIA discharges 54% and 44% less energy than NGLA and EGLA respectively. Also, from 132 kV system results, MCIA discharges 74% and 22% lesser energy respectively. From further validation of the simulation model, NGLA discharged 23.8% more energy than EGLA from experimental results. The proposed guide is applicable to double circuit lines below 275 kV.
... (1) the first case is that in which the raising of voltage across the apparatus is such as the voltage punctures through the electrical insulation of apparatus, causing sustained failure or a short circuit of the system that occurs between the terminals across the spark over of apparatus; and (2) the second is that one in which the lightning strokes energy may exceed the handling capability of the apparatus energy, causing fracture or meltdown (Shwehdi, 2008;Gutierrez et al., 2003). The common parameters which have direct effect on lightning characteristics are: front time, tail time, peak lightning current, tower geometry, footing resistance, corona, flashover, etc. (Talib et al., 2012). Back flashover is one of the several phenomena which decrease transmission lines reliability. ...
This paper describes transient performance of the 500 kV overhead transmission line (OHTL) during lightning occurrence using ATP-EMTP modeling. Induced voltages across the insulator strings are calculated. Various parameters that have direct effect on back flashover phenomenon such as the effect of lightning stroke magnitude, the striking distance, rise (front) and decay (tail) times of impulse lightning, tower footing ground system, and soil resistivity are discussed. Surge arresters are used in this work to overcome the back flashover. The performance of OHTL after connecting surge arrester has been studied at the instant of the lightning strokes occurrence.
... In previous works, most researchers had studied several parameters that affect the lightning performance on transmission system. The common parameters of lightning are: front time, tail time, peak lightning current, tower geometry, footing resistance, corona, flashover, etc (Chowdhuri, 2001;Talib et al., 2012;Yadee and Prem, 2007). ...
Lightning stroke causes a current injection into transmission lines at the point of contact. The lightning performance can be difficult to understand without using simulation programs. PSCAD a powerful software was selected to develop the appropriate data required to investigate this phenomena.In this paper, two points along transmission line are selected for studying voltage–time (V–t) characteristics when any of those points is subjected to lightning strokes separately. The first assumed point is taken when lightning current is injected to the shielding wire at the top of the transmission tower, while, the other assumed point is taken when surge current is injected to the shielding wire at maximum sag location in the mid-span between two towers. The sag of transmission line has been newly developed and simulated using PSCAD.Both transmission line containing sag as well as lightning injection current are modeled. Fast transient of flashover as well as back flashover occurrence is investigated. The results revealed that the sag of transmission line has considerable influence on flashover and induced voltages across line insulators and phase lines as well. The influence of connecting surge arrester in substations is investigated. A proper transmission line arrester (TLA) is designed in order to minimize the occurrences of overvoltages due to flashover and consequently back flashover across insulators. Keywords: Transmission lines, Sag, Lightning, PSCAD, Back flashover, Arrester
... Depending on previous works, most of researchers had studied many parameters that affect the lightning performance on transmission system such as front time, tail time, peak lightning current, tower geometry, footing resistance, corona, flashover … etc. [2][3][4]. ...
A lightning stroke causes current injection into transmission lines at the point of contact. The lightning performance can be difficult to understand without using simulation programs. PSCAD is powerful software was selected to develop the appropriate data required to investigate this phenomena. In this paper, a model of 500 kV transmission line is developed when lightning stroke hits the shield wire directly at the mid-span sag location of transmission line. This study emphasizes on lightning performance when stroke hits either top of transmission tower or position of maximum sag locations between towers. In addition, the effects of lightning strokes on overvoltage along transmission system are studied. The results revealed that the sag of transmission line has a considerable influence on fast transient flashover and induced voltages occurrences across line insulators as well as phase lines.
Lightning strikes are one of the main causes of power system trip-outs. When the overhead transmission line (TL) connected to a wind farm is struck by lightning, large currents propagate to the substation, resulting in severe problems. To enhance the performance of wind farm substations, the transient behavior during lightning must be analyzed. The main contribution of this paper is to study the lightning behavior of wind farm substations whose design is different from other conventional substations. The lightning surge overvoltages caused by back flashover and shielding-failure of the 132 kV overhead TL connected to the 33/132 kV air-insulated substation (AIS) of Miramar wind farm are calculated. This wind farm has been built in Argentina to achieve grid connection and power transmission with a total capacity of 98.7 MW. The work investigates the fast-front lightning transient overvoltages in the AIS caused by lightning flashes striking the 132 kV overhead TL. The distributed parameter model of the TL, including towers, phase-conductors, the shielding-wire, insulators, and the span, is investigated using Digsilent Power Factory software. In addition, the AIS apparatus, including surge arresters (SAs), two 60 MVA transformers, and circuit breakers, are also considered in the model. The strike is applied first at the shielding-wire, and the impact on the transient overvoltages at the TL and the substation during the back flashover phenomenon are analyzed. On the other hand, the shielding-failure is studied and the transient overvoltages at the TL and the substation are analyzed. The impact on the transient overvoltages at the TL and the substation is investigated, taking into account the SA protection operation, and its dissipated energy during lightning flashes is calculated. The study results are important for the lightning protection systems design of wind farm substations connected to overhead TLs.
