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Mattirolia roseovirens (AH 39966): 1. Surface of stroma and perithecium. 2. Peridial cells and hyphae of the tomentum. 3. Asci and ascospores. 4. Paraphyses. 5. Ascospores. M. roseovirens (FH 258826): 6–7. Stromata. 8–9. Ascospores. M. roseovirens (S 115389 type): 10. Stroma. 11. Ascus with ascospores. Scale bars: 1 = 0.5 mm; 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11 = 10 µm; 3 = 50 µm; 6, 7, 10 = 1 mm.
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Type specimens of the genera Balzani a, Mattirolia, Thyridium, and Thyronectroidea were studied. We accept Mattirolia (five species) and Thyridium (four species) in the Thyridiaceae and regard Balzania and Thyronectroidea
as synonyms of Mattirolia. The occurrence of Mattirolia roseovirens in Spain represents only the second collection since its ori...
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Arthopyrenia parolinii Beltr. is one of the few species of the lichen genus Arthopyrenia A. Massal. described by Italian authors of the XIX century, lacking type formal association. In this regard, the name Arthopyrenia parolinii is hereby lectotypified using a specimen stored in the lichen herbarium of A.B. Massalongo at VER. Additional original m...
Citations
... As a result of this work, Barr (1990) confi rmed that P. mutabilis should be the correct name for the species, while the other names mentioned above were indicated as synonyms. Currently, the name P. mutabilis is generally recognized and widely used in recent publications (Mugambi & Huhndorf, 2009;Checa et al., 2013;Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, 2017;Index Fungorum, 2022). ...
The paper reports two new records of a rare fungicolous fungus Pseudotrichia mutabilis (Melanommataceae, Pleosporales) from Ukraine. Both specimens were collected within protected areas in association with two xylariaceous species, Hypoxylon crocopeplum and Rosellinia corticium. The paper provides descriptions, nomenclatural data, and original illustrations of the reported species. Information on substrate specialization and nutritional strategies of Pseudotrichia mutabilis, as well as general distribution of the species and known localities in Ukraine are specified and summarized.
... Unlike Hagnosa, Thyridiaceae are characterized by having stromata [7]. This family currently consists of two genera; the second genus, Mattirolia was recently added to this family by Checa et al. (2013) [8], even though stromata are not always present in some species. Mattirolia mutabilis is characterized by hyaline to yellow-greenish muriform ascospores, not constricted at the septa, as well as perithecia without a typical stroma; the perithecia are covered by a yellowish tomentum [8]. ...
... Unlike Hagnosa, Thyridiaceae are characterized by having stromata [7]. This family currently consists of two genera; the second genus, Mattirolia was recently added to this family by Checa et al. (2013) [8], even though stromata are not always present in some species. Mattirolia mutabilis is characterized by hyaline to yellow-greenish muriform ascospores, not constricted at the septa, as well as perithecia without a typical stroma; the perithecia are covered by a yellowish tomentum [8]. ...
... This family currently consists of two genera; the second genus, Mattirolia was recently added to this family by Checa et al. (2013) [8], even though stromata are not always present in some species. Mattirolia mutabilis is characterized by hyaline to yellow-greenish muriform ascospores, not constricted at the septa, as well as perithecia without a typical stroma; the perithecia are covered by a yellowish tomentum [8]. Although the morphologies of the perithecia and ascospores in Mattirolia are similar to that in Hagnosa, molecular analysis does not support its placement into Thyridiaceae. ...
Hagnosa longicapillata, gen. nov., sp. nov, is described and illustrated from wooden building materials collected in Hungary and from pure culture. This species has been collected exclusively from indoor environments, where it was quite common. The ascocarps develop in a thick layer of brown, woolly mats of mycelia. The ostiolar region of the perithecia is ornamented with a five-lobed, flower-shaped crown. Asci are four-spored; ascospores are dark brown, smooth, muriform, not constricted at the septa, and liberated mostly through crackings of the thin ascomatal wall. Apparently, ascospores are dispersed by the mechanical disturbance of the mycelial web. In the phylogenetic tree, Hagnosa samples were placed as a basal lineage, independently from the other family of Sordariomycetidae, with high support. To place Hagnosa in Sordariales, the new family, Hagnosaceae, is proposed.
... Thyridium was originally established to accommodate species with cylindrical, uniseriate, 8-spored asci and muriform, dark-coloured, ascospores (Nitschke 1867). Species of this genus occur on various plants as saprobic or hemibiotrophic fungi (Eriksson and Yue 1989;Taylor et al. 1997;Checa et al. 2013). Currently, Thyridium includes 33 species and is placed in Thyridiaceae (family incertae sedis, Sordariomycetes; Yue and Eriksson 1987;Index Fungorum, http://www.indexfungorum.org, ...
... We accept both Bivonella and Sinosphaeria as synonyms of Thyridium, as proposed in previous studies (Eriksson and Yue 1989;Checa et al. 2013). Sinosphaeria (typified by S. bambusicola = Thyridium chrysomallum; Yue and Eriksson 1987) was established as a new genus without knowing the existence of Bivonella (typified by B. lycopersici; Saccardo 1891). ...
The genus Thyridium , previously known as a saprobic or hemibiotrophic ascomycete on various plants, was revised taxonomically and phylogenetically. Sequences of the following six regions, that is, the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the large subunit (LSU) of rDNA, the second largest RNA polymerase II subunit ( rpb2 ) gene, translation elongation factor 1-alpha ( tef1 ) gene, the actin ( act ) gene, and the beta-tubulin ( tub2 ) gene, were generated for molecular phylogenetic analyses of species of this genus. Phialemoniopsis , a genus encompassing medically important species, is synonymised with Thyridium based on molecular evidence and morphological similarities in their asexual characters. The generic concept for Thyridium is expanded to include species possessing both coelomycetous and hyphomycetous complex asexual morphs. In addition to type species of Thyridium , T. vestitum , nine species were accepted in Thyridium upon morphological comparison and molecular phylogenetic analyses in this study. All seven species of Phialemoniopsis were treated as members of the genus Thyridium and new combinations were proposed. A bambusicolous fungus, Pleospora punctulata , was transferred to Thyridium , and an epitype is designated for this species. A new species, T. flavostromatum , was described from Phyllostachys pubescens . The family Phialemoniopsidaceae, proposed as a familial placement for Phialemoniopsis , was regarded as a synonym of Thyridiaceae. A new order, Thyridiales, was established to accommodate Thyridiaceae; it forms a well-supported, monophyletic clade in Sordariomycetes.
... The description provided by Welch (1926) lacked specificity and led to unrelated species being falsely identified as Cucurbitaria. Recent phylogenetic studies demonstrated that some of the species described as Cucurbitaria belong to other families, such as Nectriaceae and Melanommataceae (Checa et al. 2013, Jaklitsch & Voglmayr 2017. Wanasinghe et al. (2017) introduced Neocucurbitaria to accommodate cucurbitaria-like species characterised by solitary fruiting bodies containing periphyses and muriform ascospores. ...
A survey of microfungi in the mountain areas of Uzbekistan revealed several specimens of cucurbitaria-like taxa. In this paper, one new species of Cucurbitaria is described based on a polyphasic approach, including morphological examination and molecular phylogeny. We compared the sexual morph (ascomata, asci, and ascospores) of the specimens collected with known species of Cucurbitaria and carried out multi loci (LSU, ITS, rpb2 and tef1-α) phylogenetic analyses. Cucurbitaria berberidicola sp. nov. is morphologically closely related to Cucurbitaria berberidis (the generic type) and C. oromediterranea. The sequence-based analyses verified a clear distinction, hence supporting the introduction of the new species.
... The lack of fresh collections and cultures precluded the inclusion of the North American Thyronectroidea chrysogramma, which also has greenish to brown muriform ascospores, in molecular phylogenetic analyses. Based on morphological investigations, it was included in Mattirolia by Checa et al. (2013), while provided convincing arguments for a placement within Thyronectria. A recent Canadian collection from the type host, Ulmus americana, enabled us to document its sexual morph in fresh condition, to study its asexual morph produced in pure culture and to assess its phylogenetic position by DNA sequence data. ...
... Conidia mainly formed on pegs, Notes: We provide here an extended description of , which was based on the holo-and paratype, to include characters of the sexual morph in fresh condition, as well as culture characteristics and morphology of the asexual morph. The characters of the fresh collection agree well with the type material, which was illustrated in Checa et al. (2013;as Mattirolia chrysogramma) and . As in type material, most perithecia are not aggregated into larger stromatic groups but occur solitarily and scattered in the fresh collection. ...
The genus Allantonectria is synonymised with Thyronectria, based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic considerations. Investigations of types and fresh collections revealed that Tubercularia concentrica is an earlier name for Sphaeria (syn. Allantonectria) miltina and is thus combined in Thyronectria. Allantonectria yuccae is recognised as a distinct species and transferred to Thyronectria, as well as the recently described A. zangii. Descriptions and illustrations are provided for T. concentrica and T. yuccae. A recent collection of the North American Thyronectroidea chrysogramma, the generic type of Thyronectroidea, was studied with respect to morphology of its sexual morph in fresh condition and of its asexual morph produced in pure culture. Molecular phylogenies based on six loci (ITS and LSU regions of nuc rDNA, act1, rpb1, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 genes) place T. chrysogramma within Thyronectria, confirming synonymy of Thyronectroidea with Thyronectria, but remarkably a relationship to European species with green to brown spores (former genus Mattirolia) receives no support, and its closest relatives remain unclear. Thyronectria caraganae is described as a new species from herbarium specimens of Caragana arborescens collected in the Ukraine. It is characterised by morphology of the sexual morph and by DNA sequence data, which place it within the T. austroamericana - T. rhodochlora clade with high support. This is also supported by its morphology, specifically ascomata partly embedded within a stroma, muriform ascospores not budding within the ascus, becoming yellowish to rosy at maturity.
... & Bres. were included as members of the Thyridiaceae (Rossman et al. 1999, Checa et al. 2013) and most species of Thyronectria were classified by Rossman et al. (1999) in Nectria Fr. Hirooka et al. (2012) recognized that those species characterized by yellow scurf on ascomata or stromata belonged to the genera Allantonectria Earle, with nonseptate, allantoid to short-cylindrical, hyaline ascospores, and Pleonectria, with one-to multiseptate variously shaped ascospores that may bud to produce hyaline, thin-walled, bacillar conidia in or outside asci, and transferred many Thyronectria spp. to Pleonectria. ...
... The ascomata of Thyronectria species with green to brown spores are conspicuous by their bright yellow scurf, and it is surprising that they have only recently been collected and recorded from Spain (Checa et al. 2013). This demonstrates that species biodiversity of this area is still insufficiently studied, containing a substantial number of undescribed species. ...
Two new species of Thyronectria growing in Mediterranean vegetation are described from southern Spain; they are T. giennensis from Quercus ilex ssp. rotundifolia and T. pistaciae from Pistacia lentiscus. Both species are characterized by morphology of sexual and asexual morphs and by DNA data. They have olivaceous to green-brown muriform ascospores and are closely related to T. asturiensis and T. roseovirens, as determined by multigene phylogenetic analyses of a matrix containing six loci (ITS and 28S regions of nuc rDNA, ACT1, RPB1, RPB2, TEF1 and TUB2 genes). We also report that Cucurbitaria bicolor is a synonym of Thyronectria rhodochlora, the type species of Thyronectria.
... Trid.: 55 (1889) After examining the type species of Balzania, Mattirolia, Thyridium, and Thyronectroidea, only Mattirolia (with 5 species) and Thyridium (with 4 species) are accepted within the class Thyridiaceae. Balzania and Thyronectroidea are considered as synonyms of Mattirolia (Checa et al. 2013). ...
Sordariomycetesis one of the largest classes of Ascomycota
and is characterised by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate
unitunicate asci. The class includes many important plant
pathogens, as well as endophytes, saprobes, epiphytes, and
fungicolous, lichenized or lichenicolous taxa. The class includes freshwater, marine and terrestrial taxa and has a
worldwide distribution. This paper provides an updated outline of theSordariomycetesand a backbone tree incorporating
asexual and sexual genera in the class. Based on phylogeny
and morphology we introduced three subclasses;
Diaporthomycetidae, Lulworthiomycetidaeand
Meliolomycetidaeand five orders;Amplistromatales,
Annulatascales, Falcocladiales, Jobellisiales and Togniniales. The outline is based on literature to the end of
2014 and the backbone tree published in this paper. Notes for
397 taxa with information, such as new family and genera
novelties, novel molecular data published since the Outline
of Ascomycota 2009, and new links between sexual and asexual genera and thus synonymies, are provided. The Sordariomycetes now comprises six subclasses, 28 orders,
90 families and 1344 genera. In addition a list of 829 genera
with uncertain placement in Sordariomycetesis also provided.
... and Thyronectroidea Seaver to the Thyridiaceae. In a morphotaxonomic work, Checa et al. (2013) accepted the placement of the latter genera in the Thyridiaceae and recognised Balzania and Thyronectroidea as synonyms of Mattirolia. ...
... All morphological features of the lectotype are fully in agreement with other specimens of T. rhodochlora. Its ascospores have a yellowish colour with a pale rosy tint as shown by illustrations in Checa et al. (2013). ...
... From the latter it differs mostly by ascospore size and septation and the absence of the green colour of immature ascospores, although nearly mature ascospores have some olivaceous tinge. For good additional descriptions see Rossman et al. (1999) as Thyronectroidea chrysogramma and Checa et al. (2013) as Mattirolia chrysogramma in which the distoseptate ascospores are clearly illustrated. (Hirooka, Rossman & Ascomata erumpent-superficial, usually densely aggregated in convex groups on a hypostroma, covered by yellowish green scurf when immature, globose and light red when fresh, covered by yellow-green scurf when young, collapsed cupulate and dark red when dry, usually glabrous when mature. ...
Based on type studies and freshly collected material we here re-instate the genus Thyronectria (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales). Species of this genus were recently for the most part classified in the genera Pleonectria (Nectriaceae) or Mattirolia
(Thyridiaceae), because Thyronectria and other genera had been identified as members of the Thyridiaceae due to the presence of paraphyses. Molecular phylogenies based on several markers (act, ITS, LSU rDNA, rpb1, rpb2, tef1, tub) revealed
that the Nectriaceae contain members whose ascomata are charac terised by long, more or less persistent, apical paraphyses. All of these belong to a single genus, Thyronectria, which thus has representatives with hyaline, rosy, green or even dark brown and sometimes distoseptate
ascospores. The type species of Thyronectria, T. rhodochlora, syn. T. patavina, syn. T. pyrrhochlora is re-described and illustrated. Within the Nectriaceae persistent, apical paraphyses are common in Thyronectria and rarely also occur in Nectria.
The genus Mattirolia is revised and merged with Thyronectria and also Thyronectroidea is regarded as a synonym of Thyronectria. The three new species T. asturiensis, T. caudata and T. obscura are added to the genus. Species recently described
in Pleonectria as well as some species of Mattirolia are combined in the genus, and a key to Thyronectria is provided. Five species are epitypified. The type species of the genus Thyridium (Thyridiaceae), T. vestitum, is included in phylogenetic analyses
to illustrate the phylogenetic distance of Thyronectria from the Thyridiaceae.
Knowledge of the relationships and thus the classification of fungi, has developed rapidly with increasingly widespread use of molecular techniques, over the past 10–15 years, and continues to accelerate. Several genera have been found to be polyphyletic, and their generic concepts have subsequently been emended. New names have thus been introduced for species which are phylogenetically distinct from the type species of particular genera. The ending of the separate naming of morphs of the same species in 2011, has also caused changes in fungal generic names. In order to facilitate access to all important changes, it was desirable to compile these in a single document. The present article provides a list of generic names of Ascomycota (approximately 6500 accepted names published to the end of 2016), including those which are lichen-forming. Notes and summaries of the changes since the last edition of ‘Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi’ in 2008 are provided. The notes include the number of accepted species, classification, type species (with location of the type material), culture availability, life-styles, distribution, and selected publications that have appeared since 2008. This work is intended to provide the foundation for updating the ascomycete component of the “Without prejudice list of generic names of Fungi” published in 2013, which will be developed into a list of protected generic names. This will be subjected to the XIXth International Botanical Congress in Shenzhen in July 2017 agreeing to a modification in the rules relating to protected lists, and scrutiny by procedures determined by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF). The previously invalidly published generic names Barriopsis, Collophora (as Collophorina), Cryomyces, Dematiopleospora, Heterospora (as Heterosporicola), Lithophila, Palmomyces (as Palmaria) and Saxomyces are validated, as are two previously invalid family names, Bartaliniaceae and Wiesneriomycetaceae. Four species of Lalaria, which were invalidly published are transferred to Taphrina and validated as new combinations. Catenomycopsis Tibell & Constant. is reduced under Chaenothecopsis Vain., while Dichomera Cooke is reduced under Botryosphaeria Ces. & De Not. (Art. 59).
Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota that comprises a highly diverse range of fungi characterized mainly by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci. The class includes many important plant pathogens, as well as endophytes, saprobes, epiphytes, coprophilous and fungicolous, lichenized or lichenicolous taxa. They occur in terrestrial, freshwater and marine habitats worldwide. This paper reviews the 107 families of the class Sordariomycetes and provides a modified backbone tree based on phylogenetic analysis of four combined loci, with a maximum five representative taxa from each family, where available. This paper brings together for the first time, since Barrs’ 1990 Prodromus, descriptions, notes on the history, and plates or illustrations of type or representative taxa of each family, a list of accepted genera, including asexual genera and a key to these taxa of Sordariomycetes. Delineation of taxa is supported where possible by molecular data. The outline is based on literature to the end of 2015 and the Sordariomycetes now comprises six subclasses, 32 orders, 105 families and 1331 genera. The family Obryzaceae and Pleurotremataceae are excluded from the class.
