Poi Ngian Shek

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia | UTM · UTM Construction Research Centre

The Journal retracts the article “Durability Enhancement of Sustainable Concrete Composites Comprising Waste Metalized Film Food Packaging Fibers and Palm Oil Fuel Ash” [...]

Sheep wool is a fiber composite material derived from natural renewable sources. Natural fibers are becoming more popular in various applications, including the building industry. The reason for such popularity is because of the emergence of environmental, ecological, and economic concerns. Another reason is due to the favorable characteristics of...

The utilization of waste materials in sustainable and green concrete manufacturing is particularly appealing because of the low cost of waste resources, the saving of landfill space, and the development and enhancement of concrete qualities. This paper investigates the strength and durability of green concrete composites made of waste metalized fil...

This research aimed to investigate the performance of prepacked aggregates fiber-reinforced concrete (PAFRC) with adequate acoustic characteristics for various applications. PAFRC is a newly developed concrete made by arranging and packing aggregates and short fibers in predetermined formworks, then inserting a grout mixture into the voids amongst...

Various geopolymer mortars (GPMs) as concrete repairing materials have become effective owing to their eco-friendly properties. Geopolymer binders designed from agricultural and industrial wastes display interesting and useful mechanical performance. Based on this fact, this research (experimental) focuses on the feasibility of achieving a new GPM...

Interlocking Hollow Block System (IHBS) is a reasonable solution for conventional block masonry due to its structural ability and building capability. In addition, economic and ecological building of brickwork can be achieved by incorporating fly ash into IHBS. The main aim of the research is to produce interlocking compressed hollow block that sat...

Reduction of self-weight with higher strength of structural members is important for the newly construction buildings. In order to minimize the self-weight of building structure whilst reducing the dependence on vast volume of natural resources, lightweight foamed concrete has been introduced. Despite of having advantages in its application, lightw...

Plates with leading-edge tubercles experience beneficially more gradual aerodynamics stalling when entering the post-stall regime. Little is known, however, about the corresponding aquatic flow responses when these tubercles-furnished plates are subjected to the maximal angle of attack, with the flow direction perpendicular to their planar area. He...

Reduction in self-weight and achievement of full fire resistance requirements are some of the important considerations in the design of high-rise structures. Lightweight concrete filled steel tube (CFST) column provides an alternative method to serve these purposes. Recent studies on lightweight CFST columns at ambient temperature have revealed tha...

Sulfate and acid attacks cause material degradation, which is a severe durability concern for cementitious materials. The performance of concrete composites comprising waste plastic food trays (WPFTs) as low-cost fibers and palm oil fuel ash (POFA) exposed to acid and sulfate solutions has been evaluated in an immersion period of 12 months. In this...

Waste plastic recycling is an essential step toward a green environment and a circular economy. Plastics, which are non-biodegradable polymers that come in various forms, have become an essential part of human life. The quick growth of the world's population has increased the need for plastics in different sectors such as food packaging. Consequent...

ne of the efforts to reduce the dependency of concrete production on natural resources along with carbon reduction is by utilizing recoverable materials as concrete constituents such as crumb rubber from scrap tires and fly ash from industrial waste. This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of rubberized fly ash concrete which utili...

The use of cold-formed steel (CFS) as part of a major construction has been rapidly increasing recently, as it is considered viable as an alternative to the conventional hot-rolled steel section. However, information about CFS as part of a non-composite system is still limited as the connection is designed as a pinned connection, only good for roof...

Purpose – Concrete-filled steel hollow (CFHS) column is an innovation to improve the performance of concrete or steel column. It is believed to have high compressive strength, good plasticity and is excellent for seismic and fire performance as compared to hollow steel column without a filler. Design/methodology/approach – Experimental and numerica...

Purpose Concrete-filled steel hollow (CFHS) column is an innovation to improve the performance of concrete or steel column. It is believed to have high compressive strength, good plasticity and is excellent for seismic and fire performance as compared to hollow steel column without a filler. Design/methodology/approach Experimental and numerical i...

Blades furnished at their leading-edge with the whale's flipper-inspired sinusoidal tubercles have been observed to offer beneficial flow responses in the post-stall regime. Little is known, however, about their hydroelastic behaviors, especially if positioned perpendicular to the flow direction. Therefore, this work examines numerically the hydroe...

Lightweight concrete produced by utilizing waste materials has the benefit of protecting the environment and reducing the cost in construction industry. Palm Oil Clinker (POC) aggregate considered as a lightweight aggregate due to its lower bulk density and porous nature compared to normal weight aggregate. Which lead to a high Aggregate Crushing V...

Foam concrete (FC) serves as an efficient construction material that combines well thermal insulation and structural properties. The studies of material characteristics, including the mechanical, physical, rheological, and functional properties of lightweight concrete, have been conducted rigorously. However, a lack of knowledge on the design effic...

This paper presents an experimental study on cold-formed steel (CFS) concrete composite joints, with and without seat angles, to investigate their structural behaviour and determine the influence of seat angle on this kind of connection. These CFS-concrete composite joints were made up of a cold-formed steel (CFS) connection consisting of two lippe...

Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) section for several decades was not considered as a structural member in building and civil engineering constructions due to inadequate technical information available about its usage, despite the potentials it demonstrated as proven by current research studies. Therefore, this paper aimed at demonstrating the structural cap...

The utilisation of waste materials in concrete is one of the sustainable construction approaches introduced in the industry that can indirectly reduce the environmental issues arisen from the disposal problem of the wastes. The aim of this study is to investigate the hardened properties of rubberised pozzolanic concrete (RuPC) with different propor...

The application of Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) as a structural member in buildings as composite associate was rarely demonstrated due to limited technical information available about its usage in the system, despite the prospects of the CFS section in the composite system of construction in buildings as well as in light weight industrial applications a...

Cold-formed steel (CFS) members designed with proper stiffener can significantly increase the loading capacity of the connected member even though they are thin and slender. Design recommendations of connections especially for CFS sections are mostly related to the load-carrying capacities of individual fasteners such as bolts, screws, and rivets....

The application of Cold-formed steel (CFS) is getting popular in several countries, and this indicates that a good potential of using lightweight materials as an alternative solution to conventional steel. However, there is still a lack of information about joint behavior, particularly composite connections integrated with CFS. This paper presents...

Interlocking bricks are usually produced by mixing laterite clay, fine sand, and Portland cement. However, the typical problem with this mixture is the formation of cracks due to the brittle behaviour of the interlocking materials mixture. Therefore, there is a need to add some fibres that could enhance the strength of the production of interlockin...

In order to achieve greater ductility and strength, as well as to produce a more economical design, a novel composite beam and floor system have been developed to achieve higher strength and ductility, as well as to yield a more economical design purpose. This paper has put focus on this newly developed composite beam system which consists of a pro...

Cold formed steel (CFS) of lipped C-Channel sections are commonly use because of their simple forming procedures and easy to erect. To improve the flexural strength of the proposed composite beam, the C-channel of Lipped section is arranged toe-to-toe to form into boxed shape section and filled with self-compacting concrete (SCC). Reinforcement bar...

Background Beam-column connections are one of the most important parts of each building, which influence local/global behaviour of structures under vertical and lateral loads. From a practical point of view, a desirable connection is one that can be implemented conveniently in the construction site. For this reason, the connection with the gusset p...

Featured Application: Behavior prediction of channel shear connectors in normal and high-strength concrete (HSC) without conducting costly experiments. Abstract: Channel shear connectors are known as an appropriate alternative for common shear connectors due to having a lower manufacturing cost and an easier installation process. The behavior of ch...

Although applying self-consolidating concrete (SCC) in many modern structures is an inevitable fact, the high consumption of cement in its mixing designs has led to increased production costs and adverse environmental effects. In order to find economically viable sources with environmentally friendly features, natural pozzolan pumice and blast furn...

This paper presents a parametric study on single cold-formed channel lipped section subject to axial compression load. The aim of this study is to investigate the influences of yield strength and depth of the section towards the compression capacity of a thin channel section. The study started with the calculation of effective area of a channel sec...

The Industrialized Building System (IBS) is referred as advanced construction technique which involved the prefabrication of construction components in controlled environment and then installed on site. It promotes faster, neater, safer, easier and cheaper construction works in future. Interlocking Brick (Blockwork System) is one of the IBS which h...

Light steel framing is generally based on the use of standard C or Z shaped steel sections produced by cold rolling from strip steel, which is normally refers to cold formed steel sections. Light steel framing is already well established in residential construction in North America, Australia and Japan. Cold formed steel sections are widely used in...

Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) has been widely used for residential, commercial and light industries due to lightweight and ease to install. Development of suitable shear connector for composite beam systems with CFS is proposed in this research. This paper presents the performance of the proposed shear connector using rebar in CFS composite beam systems....

Building condition assessment (BCA) is one of the important approaches in total asset management during the asset life cycle. BCA is to monitor the functional status of the asset during the asset use and maintenance phase in the asset life cycle. With regards to this, various non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technologies are adopted for building st...

The opportunity of Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) as an alternative construction material is still worth to be considered. The amounts of research concerning using this material is the evidence that the use of CFS is getting more acceptable. However, the studies of CFS as part of composite joint is yet to be established. This paper presents the use of 10m...

This study is aimed to predict the behaviour of channel shear connectors in composite floor systems at different temperatures. For this purpose, a soft computing approach is adopted. Two novel intelligence methods, including an Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and a Genetic Programming (GP), are developed. In order to generate the required data for t...

To date, the use of information technology has become part of the human lifestyle. The existence of the demands of fast, precise and accurate design is a common standard that must be met which has significant advantage to compete with practitioners who are working with conventional method. In civil engineering, the use of information technology can...

The composite action between concrete and steel makes the use of composite beams in buildings more economical than the use of typical hot-rolled steel beams. This can be attributed to the beam’s lower depth, which significantly reduces the weight of steel. Composite beams can be constructed by lipped C-channels made from cold-formed steel, concrete...

Construction development and greenhouse gas emissions have globally required a strategic management to take some steps to stain and maintain the environment. Nowadays, recycled aggregates, in particular ceramic waste, have been widely used in concrete structures due to the economic and environmentally friendly solution, requiring the knowledge of r...

The utilisation of waste materials in concrete is one of the sustainable construction approaches introduced in the industry that can indirectly reduce the environmental issues arisen from the disposal problem of the wastes. The aim of this study is to investigate the hardened properties of rubberised pozzolanic concrete (RuPC) with different propor...

h i g h l i g h t s New shear connectors for composite cold formed steel-concrete beams were proposed. Push-out tests were carried out in accordance with Eurocode 4. The proposed shear connectors were strong enough to provide composite action. The proposed shear connectors showed extreme deformation capacity. Design equation for the proposed shear...

COLD-FORMED STEEL (CFS) CONSTRUCTION IS WIDELY RECOGNISED AS AN IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTOR TO SUSTAINABILITY AND GREEN CONSTRUCTION. THUS, THE USE OF CFS CONSTRUCTION IS ENCOURAGED AND HAD BEEN ADVANCED BY INNOVATIONS IN ITS STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS. ONE SUCH INNOVATION THAT HAS RECENTLY GAINED POPULARITY IS THE USE OF CFS SECTIONS IN COMPOSITE CONSTRUCT...

Cold-formed steel (CFS) construction is widely recognised as an important contributor to sustainability and green construction. Thus, the use of CFS construction is encouraged and had been advanced by innovations in its structural applications. One such innovation that has recently gained popularity is the use of CFS sections in composite construct...

This study aimed to categorize pervious rubberized concrete into fresh and hardened concrete analyzing its durability, permeability and strength. During the globalization of modern life, growing population and industry rate have signified a sustainable approach to all aspects of modern life. In recent years, pervious concrete (porous concrete) has...

This paper focuses on the composite action of two samples each consisting of two composite beams and a composite slab with bent up rebar as a shear connector. The specimens were knowingly adapted to have different shear transfer capacities along the interfaces with different geometries of the composite beams. By using the four-point bending tests o...

Concrete-filled hollow steel column (CFHS) column is a composite column that comprised of concrete core filled into hollow steel section. The composite action between the hollow steel sections and concrete core give CFHS better performance over conventional reinforced concrete and steel column. Numbers of studies had been done on the performances o...

Due to its low compressive strength and ductility, lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) cannot be used in structural members such as beams, slabs and columns. One way to improve the strength and ductility of LFC is by confining the concrete laterally by using active external confinement. This research therefore aimed to investigate the effectiveness o...

Composite slabs are gaining wide acceptance in many countries as they lend themselves to faster, lighter and more economic in construction buildings. The strength of composite slabs system relies on the bonding action between the concrete and the steel deck, the shear connections and the cross-sectional resistance of steel beam. However, structural...

Temperature analysis is the first step in determining the behavior of a member under fire condition, obtaining an accurate thermal response on a member exposed to fire will result in getting the actual mechanical response on a member. Fire resistance test was carried out on three circular steel hollow section columns axially loaded with 15, 20 and...

The use of concrete filled steel tube (CFST) columns offers an alternative for providing the required fire resistance and load bearing capacity, making its use in medium and high rise structures are highly popular. This paper aims to review the previous studies on CFST column under fire. The standards or codes of practice used in fire resistance de...

This paper presents the results of experimental investigations and numerical analyses carried out to investigate the performance of new blind bolted moment-resisting connections between square hollow section columns and open section beams, referred to herein as the extended and flush end plate. Eight full-scale specimens comprising four extended en...

For decades, Hot Rolled Steel (HRS) section was in use in construction of buildings and bridges. The simple reason is that the use of HRS section in composite systems is well established by standard rules and their design necessities as provided in the codes. In this paper, the use of doubly oriented back-to-back Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) section cou...

Lightweight construction is aimed to achieve a sustainable feature by reducing transportation frequency and construction materials usage during construction phase. Lightweight precast concrete may serve an alternative for the lightweight construction. There are rarely application can be found for structural members as lightweight panels always to b...

Cold-formed steel is a popular material with various advantages. Its easy production and assembly give engineer an option to speed the construction process. However, thinness relates to the major issue of buckling, especially when dealing with high temperature. The unprotected cold-formed steel behaviour under fire is expected to have a little stre...

Standard fire test was carried out on 3 hollow steel tube and 6 foamed concrete filled steel tube columns. Temperature distribution on the columns was investigated. 1500 kg/m³ and 1800 kg/m³ foamed concrete density at 15%, 20% and 25% load level are the parameters considered. The columns investigated were 2400 mm long, 139.7 mm outer diameter and 6...

The flexural behavior of partially welded flush end-plate connections incorporating built-up hybrid beams and columns is analytically and numerically investigated. An experimentally obeying three-dimensional finite element model is first constructed. To circumvent the laborious effort of three-dimensional simulation and experimental work, a new exp...

Construction industry has moved forward into a technology driven where a transition is in progress from conventional method to a more advanced and mechanised system known as the Industrialised Building System (IBS). However, the need to implement the IBS should be well understood by all construction players such as designer, architect, contraction,...

As one of the densest population occurred in Johor Bahru, development of a new township become necessary in order to cater this growth. Rapid urbanization is a factor of degradation of environmental quality which may increase surrounded temperature through urban heat island (UHI) phenomena. Therefore, this paper is investigating thermal comfort for...

Interlocking blocks have been actively applied into current wall systems in the construction industry and limited references can be found on the axial loaded compressed column. Therefore, in this research, interlocking blocks have been innovatively assembled as columns for developing a new system that can replace the conventional concrete construct...

The use of Cold formed steel is in demand for construction due to its varied advantages. However the knowledge of this material’s behaviours under fire is limited since it is perceived that its thinner thickness has no resistance to fire. This fire safety issue has limited the use of this material as building columns. A study was conducted to inves...

Cold-formed steel (CFS) has been used for various applications in building structure. Due to its many advantages, the uses of CFS can be widened to build new or to renovate existing single one or two families private homes. However, the fire resistance of the CFS is a critical issue whereby inclined to lose its vigour when it is exposed to fire, co...

Environmental noise problems have increased every year and have brought negative effects to the neighbouring communities. Educational areas, such as university, college and school, are the places for learning and gaining knowledge. However, students feel stressed and annoyed when they are exposed to noisy environments. The main objective of this re...

Steel frames can be designed as simple, semi-continuous, and continuous construction. However, these types of constructions depend on the type of connections used. Connections are usually classified in design as pinned which is associated with simple construction or rigid which is associated with continuous construction. However, the actual behavio...

Many occupational noise exposure studies have been conducted in various occupational sectors. However, in Malaysia, there are limited numbers of study on grass cutter workers and there is no study on leaf blower workers. Thus, this preliminary study was conducted to assess both occupational noise exposure among leaf blower and grass cutter workers...

Connections are usually designed either as pinned usually associated with simple construction or rigid normally is associated with continuous construction. However, the actual behaviour falls in between these two extreme cases. The use of partial strength or semi-rigid connections has been encouraged by Euro-code 3 and studies on semi-continuous co...

This paper presents an analytical study on flush end-plate (FEP) and extended end-plate (EEP) connections connected to cruciform column section using component method. The objective of this study is to predict the moment resistance and initial stiffness of FEP and EEP connections on cruciform column section. A series of FEP and EEP connections are...

This paper presents a parametric study on compound cold-formed steel sections as flexural members. The compound members are used to sustain higher load and solve the problems of local buckling and lateral torsional buckling. The aim of this study is to investigate the strength of compound cold-formed steel section subjected to pure bending. Moment...

Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections are lightweight materials where their high structural performance is very suitable for building construction. Conventionally, they are used as purlins and side rails in the building envelopes of the industrial buildings. Recent research development on cold-formed steel has shown that the usage is expanding in the pr...

The design of un-braced frames using wind-moment method (WMM) with cruciform column (CCUB) section as vertical member is presented here. Steel frames on a regular grid with approximately equal column spacings in the y-y and z-z direction using UC/UB sections has resulted in minor axis controlled the design, which leads to a significant loss in perf...

Blind bolts are defined as bolts that can be access for installation from one side of the connection only, where the application can referring to the case of connecting the endplate of a beam to a hollow column. Blind bolts offer many advantages including strengths and sizes comparable to ordinary bolts and therefore it has potential use in tension...

For environmental protection and sustainable development, many research studies have been carried out on the utilization of waste materials in construction such as fly ash, mine tailings, slags, construction and demolition waste, wood sawdust, rice husk ash, crumb rubber and etc. In this study, two types of waste seashells; green mussel and cockle...

The use of structural hollow sections as column members exhibits a number of advantages as compared with other open sections in terms of structural efficiency, robustness and aesthetic appeal. In this study, the square hollow section is chosen as column member to design the semi-rigid multi-storey unbraced steel frame. Structural design was conduct...

Motivated by general observation that it is practically impossible to achieve a perfect attachment between two originally separated materials, this paper examines numerically the influence of localised imperfect bonding at interface on the buckling response of fully fixed laminated composite plates, in the existence of uniaxial compression. The pre...

The concept of cold-formed light steel framing construction has been widespread after understanding its structural characteristics with massive research works over the years. Connection serves as one of the important elements for light steel framing in order to achieve its structural stability. Compared to hot-rolled steel sections, cold-formed ste...

For the connection stiffness and strength prediction, Eurocode has showed an inadequacy as it will be affected by the thin-walled behaviour of cold-formed steel in actual structural performance. This paper performs a study on the connection stiffness prediction for cold-formed steel top-seat flange cleat connection with various angle thickness. Val...

This paper presents the numerical simulation of cold-formed steel top-seat flange cleat connection in light steel framing. The cold-formed steel channel sections are assembled back-to-back to form I-shaped beam and column members. Angle sections are used to connect the beam to column with the profile of top-seat flange cleat connection. Numerical m...

This paper presents the full-scale experimental tests on steel reinforced and non-reinforced interlocking brick beam utilizing interlocking brick system. Two specimens were tested with and without steel reinforcement embedded in the beam formed using interlocking brick. The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of beam utilizing i...

A series of retrofitted extended end-plate connections have been tested experimentally and evaluated using the component method specified in Eurocode 3. The component method decomposed the end-plate connection into several components, including the tension zone, compression zone, vertical and horizontal shear zone that occurred at the bolt, end-pla...