Dominique PontonInstitute of Research for Development | IRD · UMR Entropie
Dominique Ponton
PhD
About
131
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Introduction
Dominique Ponton currently works at UMR ENTROPIE - Tropical Marine Ecologie of Pacifique et Indian Oceans, Institute of Research for Sustainable Development (IRD).
Dominique does research in fish biology and ecology, esp. larval and juvenile stages, in Western Indian Ocean (mainly Madagascar but also Réunion and Mayotte Is.).
Additional affiliations
April 2019 - present
Institute of Research for Development
Position
- Senior Researcher
July 2018 - April 2019
Institute of Research for Sustainable Development
Position
- Senior Researcher
January 2015 - June 2018
Publications
Publications (131)
Size‐based indicators are appropriate for monitoring status and guiding management of multi‐species, multi‐gear fisheries, such as coral reef fisheries. From May 2018 to April 2019, size distribution and composition of coral reef fish catches were monitored through a participatory landing survey in southwestern Madagascar. Fishers targeted a large...
The morphology of an individual can improve its ability to escape predators and ultimately its chances of survival. Sicydiine fishes reproduce in rivers, and their larvae develop in the sea. Once juveniles arrive in rivers, they face numerous predatory fish species. Some juveniles can climb above the first waterfall where the abundance of predatory...
Knowledge of marine fish diversity remains largely incomplete in the Con Dao Archipelago, the oldest marine protected area in Vietnam. Previous investigations of diversity established a species checklist for Con Dao but did not specifically target pre-settlement stages of reef fishes and short-life pelagic species even though they provide informati...
Madagascar is a marine biodiversity hotspot. A recent checklist recorded 1689 marine or transitional water fish species, 2.5% being endemic. To date, studies in this country were mostly focused on adult fishes using morphological-based identification. The early life stages of fishes remain largely understudied. The present work aimed to improve kno...
Ciguatera poisoning (CP) results from the consumption of coral reef fish or marine invertebrates contaminated with potent marine polyether compounds, namely ciguatoxins. In French Polynesia, 220 fish specimens belonging to parrotfish (Chlorurus microrhinos, Scarus forsteni, and Scarus ghobban), surgeonfish (Naso lituratus), and groupers (Epinephelu...
Ciguatera poisoning (CP) results from the consumption of coral reef fish or marine invertebrates contaminated with potent marine polyether compounds, namely ciguatoxins. In French Polynesia, 220 fish specimens belonging to parrotfish (Chlorurus microrhinos, Scarus forsteni, and Scarus ghobban), surgeonfish (Naso lituratus), and groupers (Epinephelu...
Le projet « Bichique la monté », issu d’un partenariat entre l’Office français pour la biodiversité (OFB, auparavant AFB), l’Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD) et le Bureau d’étude OCEA Consult’, et avec l’aide des pêcheurs de bichiques de la FPTBRM (Rivière du Mât), a été financé dans le cadre de l’appel à projets « biodiversité outre-me...
Relationships between body shape and escape performance are well established for many species. However, organisms can face multiple selection pressures that might impose competing demands. Many fishes use fast starts for escaping predator attacks, whereas some species of gobiid fishes have evolved the ability to climb waterfalls out of predator-den...
Dams and other man‐made barriers impair upstream fish migration and thus threaten fish populations that need access to upper river reaches to complete their life cycle. For many years, fishways have been used to mitigate this impact. Fishways around the globe are typically built based on recommendations made for northern hemisphere species, particu...
Water warming induced by human activities can impact fish larvae survival, notably because it influences larval development and prey abundances. Amphidromous gobies of the subfamily Sicydiinae are particularly sensitive to this threat as the newly hatched free embryos are poorly developed and the first feeding opportunity only occurs after they rea...
Determining the relative importance of niche‐ and dispersal‐based processes in the structuring of animal communities is central in ecology. Freshwater fish and crustacean communities of small tropical islands can bring new insights for understanding these processes as all their species present a pelagic larval stage which gives them important dispe...
The life cycle of gobies of the Sicydiinae subfamily depends on climbing waterfalls. Two sympatric sicydiines species from Reunion Island, Sicyopterus lagocephalus (SIL) and Cotylopus acutipinnis (COA), employ different climbing modes. SIL uses a steady "inching" mode interrupted by short rest periods, whereas COA exhibits short "power-burst" undul...
Post-larval prediction is important, as post-larval supply allows us to understand juvenile fish populations. No previous studies have predicted post-larval fish species richness and abundance combining molecular tools, machine learning, and past-days remotely sensed oceanic conditions (RSOCs) obtained in the days just prior to sampling at differen...
Understanding the interannual effect of various environmental factors on biodiversity distribution is fundamental for developing biological monitoring tools. The interannual variability of environmental factors on presettlement fish assemblages (PFAs) has been so far under investigated, especially in Madagascar. Numerous explanatory variables inclu...
In order to provide biological evidence of the real impact of mosquito seine nets in southwestern Madagascar, an efficient procedure for determining the size at maturity of small‐sized tropical fishes was developed. The fishes caught by two small‐scale fishermen were studied between October 2017 and April 2018. One catch per day was analyzed three...
Dans le cadre de cette étude, nous avons combiné des techniques d’inventaires de la biodiversité consistant à capturer les individus (techniques « historiques « : pêche électrique, filets) et consistant à rechercher ou à analyser leur ADN (techniques moléculaires « innovantes » : barcoding et ADNe).
Ces travaux apportent un éclairage sur les complé...
Measuring fish length is useful for exploring size structure of catches and fishing effects on marine resources. However manually measuring large numbers of individuals requires time-consuming manipulations, which are hardly operational in the context of tropical small-scale fisheries. To overcome this limitation, we developed a
method to automatic...
Synopsis
The evolution of novel functional traits can contribute substantially to the diversification of lineages. Older functional traits might show greater variation than more recently evolved novelties, due to the accrual of evolutionary changes through time. However, functional complexity and many-to-one mapping of structure to function could c...
Fish locomotor performance depends on inter‐individual morphological differences and influences the response of populations to anthropogenic impacts. Amphidromous gobies, Sicyopterus lagocephalus and Cotylopus acutipinnis can climb up obstacles several metres high, after their arrival in rivers from the ocean. A previous study demonstrated that juv...
Madagascar is a hotspot of marine biodiversity with numerous endemic species. A recent update of the checklist of fish species of Madagascar recorded nearly 1,576 marine bony (Osteichthyes) fish species, 37 (2.3%) being endemic to Madagascar. To date species identification in Madagascar has been mostly based on morphology and meristics of adult ind...
Populations exposed to sustained differences in predation pressure often diverge in morphological, behavioural or physiological features. However, predation pressures can also change throughout ontogeny, as individuals grow and/or migrate to new habitats. We examine how anti-predator traits differ in relation to predator regime through a comparativ...
This study investigates how age at first maturity of two tropical amphidromous species Sicyopterus lagocephalus (Pallas, 1770) and Cotylopus acutipinnis (Guichenot, 1863) varies in relation to their larval and juvenile life history. Reproductive stage was estimated based on histological observation of ovaries of more than 200 females of each specie...
The morphology of an individual can affect functional performance and, ultimately, survival and fitness. To study these links, a first step is to evaluate the relationship between morphology and performance. Sicydiine fishes are an interesting model for such studies, because successful completion of their life cycle depends on a functionally demand...
Les poissons des rivières insulaires de la région Indo-pacifique sont majoritairement amphidromes. Les adultes de ces espèces vivent et se reproduisent en rivière. A l'éclosion, les larves dérivent passivement jusqu'à la mer où elles poursuivent leur croissance pendant plusieurs mois, avant de retourner en rivière. L'ontogénie est bloquée à un stad...
Si Madagascar est connu pour son exceptionnelle biodiversité terrestre et son taux d’endémisme, la biodiversité aquatique ne reçoit une attention soutenue que depuis peu. Afin d’améliorer les connaissances sur les poissons de Madagascar, la liste des espèces de ce pays a récemment été réévaluée sur la base des informations disponibles dans la litté...
Otolith microchemistry can provide crucial information to address gaps of knowledge in spatio‐temporal ecology of fish species. However, understanding the seasonal variability of water chemistry and its effect on otolith signatures is needed to interpret fish movements. Otolith multi‐elemental signatures were used to examine the diadromous migratio...
An annotated checklist of the fish species of the Madagascar EEZ (southwestern Indian Ocean) comprises a total of 1,798 species in 247 families. 158 species are recorded from Madagascar for the first time. The majority of the species is autochthonous; 28 species have been introduced, mainly in freshwater habitats. The fish fauna is mostly marine (9...
The temporal structure of reef fish post-larvae assemblages were examined at two sites on the southwest coast of Madagascar: Nosy Ve Island, off Anakao, where every forms of fishing have been banned since 1999, and the north of the Great Barrier Reef of Toliara which has been impacted by overfishing for years. Fish post-larvae were collected using...
Known to date as an endemic species of the border area between South Africa and Mozambique, Apolemichthys kingiis reported for the first time from the northeast coast of Madagascar (Sainte-Marie Island) at 34 m deep. The presence of this species in Madagascar was corroborated by the record in the BOLD database of a specimen with similar morphology,...
Le chapitre résume les connaissances disponibles sur les premiers stades de vie des poisson récifo-lagonaires en Nouvelle-Calédonie.
The aim of this study was to demonstrate that fish larvae identified using their COI sequences offer a unique opportunity for improving the knowledge of local fish richness. Fish larvae were sampled at the end of their pelagic phase using light-traps set off the West Coast of La Reunion Island, southwestern Indian Ocean, once per month from October...
Amphidromous fish species reproduce in rivers, and their larvae immediately drift to the sea after hatching. Most of these larvae survive in freshwater for a few days only, rapidly reaching sea water is thus essential. Being of small size, especially among species of the Sicydiinae subfamily, the larvae possess poor swimming abilities; their drift...
Freshwater gobies of tropical islands are amphidromous: adults reproduce in rivers and larvae passively drift down to the sea immediately after hatching. Describing the phenology of this larval drift is essential to understand the population dynamics of amphidromous gobies and to develop ecologically based recommendations for managing the watershed...
The temporal structure of reef fish post-larvae assemblages were examined at two sites on the southwest coast of Madagascar: Nosy Ve Island, off Anakao, where every forms of fishing have been banned since 1999, and the north of the Great Barrier Reef of Toliara which has been impacted by overfishing for years. Fish post-larvae were collected using...
Conventional methods for surveying diadromous fish migration from marine coastal waters to freshwater habitats are mainly based on electrofishing, a non-optimal technique for the study of fish migrations in rivers, and fishermen catch data. Underwater video has been recognized for a long time as a good alternative, but those approaches usually requ...
Preliminary studies on reef fish postlarvae in Reunion Island during the POLARUN Project (2011-2013) were based on pictures of post-larvae taken at capture and at different periods of their development when raised in aquaria. This approach provided unique information as little had been done before in the Indian Ocean. One of the results of this pro...
Marine resource conservation highlights the needs of surveying fish communites to detect changes in marine biodiversity. In this context, surveys of fish post-larvae assemblages provide one of the basic information to be taken into account. However, identifying the post-larvae to the species level remains difficult in the Indian Ocean due to the pa...
Indigenous fish fauna in rivers of tropical volcanic islands is mainly composed by amphidromous gobies. Adults of these species grow and reproduce in rivers. Immediately after hatching, free embryos passively drift down to the sea where they develop as larvae during several months. At the end of larval stage, specimens return into rivers and migrat...
As little is known about the structure of reef fish post-larvae assemblages in the Madagascar, a survey was carried out from August 2013 to February 2014 for comparing spatial and temporal structure of reef fish post-larvae assemblages nearby the reef of Anakao (ANA), and Great Barrier Reef of Toliara (GRT), SW Madagascar. Fish post-larvae were coll...
![Figure 4.1. Conceptual diagram of biocomplexity, adapted from [CAD 06]....](profile/Mehdi-Adjeroud/publication/312222174/figure/fig1/AS:613965226835970@1523392125225/Conceptual-diagram-of-biocomplexity-adapted-from-CAD-06-vs-versus-The-vertical_Q320.jpg)
The authors is this book have explored the major oceans of the world to document the diversity of habitats, structures and marine food webs. From coastal zones to deep-sea habitats, several environments are investigated: the phytoplankton system, the first level of ecological and climatic dynamics via the carbon cycle; the coral ecosystems and thei...
The authors of this book have explored the major oceans of the world to document the diversity of habitats, structures and marine food webs. From coastal zones to deep-sea habitats, several environments are investigated: the phytplankton system, the first level of ecological and climatic dynamics via the carbon cycle; the coral ecosystems and their...
![Figure 4.1. Conceptual diagram of biocomplexity, adapted from [CAD 06]....](profile/Mehdi-Adjeroud/publication/343054086/figure/fig1/AS:940743887704064@1601302229136/Conceptual-diagram-of-biocomplexity-adapted-from-CAD-06-vs-versus-The-vertical_Q320.jpg)
The aim of the SIMEO project is to develop and to operate a range of autonomous instrumented buoys equipped with several sensors allowing a collection of ecological data on sea birds, bats, fishes and cetaceans. The SIMEO project is build around a partnership between reference institutions regarding biodiversity, technology and research on marine a...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of geometric morphometrics for describing the body shape of fish larvae and juveniles, and identifying them to species, in comparison with traditional linear measurements. Species of emperor fishes (Perciformes: Lethrinidae, genus Lethrinus) were chosen as the model group, as the late larval and...
Ciguatera fish poisoning is a seafood intoxication commonly afflicting island communities in the Pacific. These populations, which are strongly dependent on fish resources, have developed over centuries various strategies to decrease the risk of intoxication, including the use of folk tests to detect ciguateric fish. This study aims to evaluate the...
Invertebrates represent an essential component of coral reef ecosystems; they are ecologically important and a major resource, but their assemblages remain largely unknown, particularly on Pacific islands. Understanding their distribution and building predictive models of community composition as a function of environmental variables therefore cons...
Underwater device (I 0) providing propulsion and capturing images of a seabed, comprising a hydrodynamic thruster (3) fitted with handles (39) held by a diver (90), a support (2) fixed to the hydrodynamic thruster, a photo/video camera device ( 4; 7) for capturing images and which is fixed to said support and aimed towards the seabed, said support...
A single autonomous video camera was used to record the abundances of Chromis viridis over a branching Acropora sp. colony eight times per day over a period of 50 days. The poor explanatory power of global radiation suggests the need for recording the light really available to the fish, especially in the UV range. The increasing number of C. viridi...
Processes occurring at the end of the larval stage are of major importance in shaping spatial structure of fish assemblages in coral reefs. However, because of the difficulty in identifying larvae to species, many studies dealing with these stages are limited to the family level. It remains unknown if variation in the spatial structure of coral-ree...
Le programme ZoNéCo a financé en 2009, une étude intitulée « mise au point d’outils de caractérisation et de suivi des herbiers subtidaux de Nouvelle-Calédonie ».
La première partie de ce document présente une synthèse des techniques existantes de cartographie des herbiers tant intertidaux que subtidaux, puis de suivi d’indicateurs de santé de ces...
Species identification is fundamental to address questions about community ecology, biodiversity, conservation and resource management, at any life history stage. Current studies on fish larval ecology of tropical species are hampered by the lack of reliable and effective tools for identifying larvae at the species level. Emperors and large-eye bre...
The relationship between fish larvae and their zooplanktonic prey has not been fully explored for late-stage larvae of coral-reef fish in lagoonal environments. However, compared to most temperate taxa, these larvae are character- ized by strong sensory and swimming abilities, which may influence their feeding behaviour in the water column. The pre...
This study examines the diet of nine taxa from seven families of pre-settlement coral-reef fish larvae collected in the lagoon of New Caledonia, south-west Pacific. Chesson's index of electivity indicated that the major prey groups in the diets, i.e. small copepods, small unidentified crustaceans and eggs, were positively selected by all larvae, pr...
The growth and toxin production in a clonal strain of Gambierdiscus polynesiensis, TB-92, was examined in batch culture conditions. The mean growth rate at exponential phase was (0.13+/-0.03)division day(-1). Regardless of the age of cultures, all mice injected with dichloromethanolic and methanolic extracts showed symptoms specific to ciguatoxin (...
The growth performance of coral reef fish juveniles collected in different habitats is often used as a proxy for habitat quality for juveniles. However, back-calculated growth trajectories of juve- niles may be age-structured, for instance, because of potential differences in initial offspring size and/or quality or size-selective mortality. A nove...
Six cohorts of the silver-stripe round herring Spratelloides gracilis, a fast-growing and short-lived tropical clupeid, were collected as juveniles and then as adults during austral summers from November to February in 1998-1999 and 1999-2000, using light traps in the Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia. Otolith analysis allowed backcalculation...
Due to an increasing emphasis for fish population survey and regulation, efficient tools for evaluating the abundance and
diversity of fish from various life stages are needed, especially for coral reef species that present a high taxonomic diversity.
The characteristics of six different techniques used for sampling pelagic larvae (a plankton-net a...
Artificial habitats provide a unique opportunity to investigate how habitat characteristics structure juvenile fish assemblages after settlement. We quantified the differences between assemblages of juvenile fish on artificial substrates moored in macroalgal beds, seagrass beds or coral patches over two temporal scales that corresponded to a short...
Coral reefs are one of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. They are currently exposed to increasing levels of anthropogenic perturbations. Several recent reviews point to the lack of good indicators for these perturbations especially to monitor their effects on fish populations or fish assemblages. The SW lagoon of New Caledonia is an ideal locat...
The first step in building predictive models of larval fish assemblages is to identify the main environmental parameters which
influence their spatial and temporal structure. In this study, multivariate regression trees (MRT) were used to classify hierarchically
the effects of large-scale meteorological factors and small-scale water column factors...
Juvenile reef fish communities represent an essential component of coral reef ecosystems in the current focus of fish population
dynamics and coral reef resilience. Juvenile fish survival depends on habitat characteristics and is, following settlement,
the first determinant of the number of individuals within adult populations. The goal of this stu...
We investigated the diversity of patterns of habitat use by juveniles of coral reef fishes according to seasons and at two spatial scales (10–100 m and 1–10 km). We conducted underwater visual censuses in New Caledonia's Lagoon between 1986 and 2001. Co-inertia analyses highlighted the importance of mid-shelf habitats at large spatial scale (1–10 k...
Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP) is a tropical syndrome well known in remote archipelagos where the population is still dependent on fish resources. In order to assess the ciguatera risk in two islands of French Polynesia, Tubuai (Australes) and Nuku Hiva (Marquesas), a study was carried out on both Gambierdiscus populations as well as on various fis...
This study aims at describing the diversity and composition of larval and juvenile fish assemblages in coastal areas of New
Caledonia, southwest Pacific, and identifying the environmental factors that influence the seasonal and spatial patterns of
these assemblages. A total of 97 taxa belonging to 7 orders and 26 familis were captured in three bays...
Ten atolls of contrasting morphology and low human pressure were investigated in the Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia) during the research program “Typatoll”. This program produced large data sets about species richness of undisturbed fish assemblages and environmental data recorded at three spatial scales. Multivariate analyses defined six gr...
Competent larvae of 4 tropical reef fish species, i.e. two pelagic spawners (Parupeneus barberinus and Acanthurus triostegus) and two benthic spawners (Abudefduf sexfasciatus and Dascyllus aruanus) were collected over two years in Wallis Islands, in order to compare 1) their size and age at settlement, 2) the variability of these parameters and 3)...
The 2D shape of sagittae of Encrasicholina devisi, E. heteroloba, E. cf. punctifer, and Stolephorus indicus, four tropical Engraulididae of New Caledonia, was studied with 1) dimensionless shape descriptors (form factor, roundness, and aspect ratio); 2) elliptic Fourier analysis (EFA) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of 2D outline; and 3) geometric...
A total of 1468 young fish representing 66 taxa from the Sinnamary River, French Guiana was classified by complete cluster analysis of mean relative body width and mean relative body height into four groups. These had anguilliform, disciform, flat or intermediate body shapes and belonged chiefly to Gymnotiformes, Perciformes, Siluriformes and Chara...
The growth of most mensural characters of Krobia guianensis and Crenicichla saxatilis during early development was explained by a split regression indicating inflection in allometry at specific standard lengths. Double-centred PCA revealed morphological transformations during ontogeny mostly under the influence of the maximum body depth and the max...
The otolith micro-increment technique was applied to assess the growth trajectory of early stages of the neotropical catfish Megalechisthoracata in Kaw Swamp, a coastal swamp in French Guiana, and two contrasting habitats in Suriname: the coastal Lelydorp Swamp with standing water and a rain-forest creek with running water, the Maykaboeka Creek. Da...
This study is based on 27 series of daily water level (DWL) records in the downstream reaches of the Sinnamary River during the November to June rainy season: 22 series prior to dam closure, two series during filling and three series during dam operation. Five of these series (4 before and 1 during dam operation) corresponded with El Niño events, s...
At 27·0–28·0°, the lapilli of Hoplosternum littorale developed rapidly in the embryo between 35 and 21 h before hatching. At hatching, lapilli averaged 78 μ;m on their longest axis and 69 μ;m on their shortest axis, and had up to three faint narrow microstructures. Primordia were fused and the large core was surrounded by a conspicuous discontinuou...
This work presents a series of drawings as well as different criteria describing the early life stages and juveniles of some fish species from the River Sinnamary. The material originates from studies that began at the end of 1992 and provide some insight into the ecology of these stages. For each of the 64 different taxa, from 52 genera, 21 famili...
Characterization of essential habitats for the life cycle of the atipa "bosco", Hoplosternum littorale (Hancock, 1828), in the coastal marshes of Brazil (Amapa and Para), Guyana and Surinam. Sustainable management of this species, maintenance and reinforcement of artisanal fishing activities
in the coastal marshes.
Validation of the rate of deposition of microstructures on otoliths of young red atipas (Megalechis thoracata) and estimation of the growth in different environments of the Kaw (Frenc Guiana) and Suriname marshes
The morphology of the digestive system was useful to distinguish the larvae of Stolephorus baganensis and Thryssa kammalensis before the full development of their dorsal and anal fins. The relative positions of these fins, the length of the anal fin, and body depth, were good criteria for identifying individuals >10·0 mm LS. For both species, the r...
1. The aim of this paper is to assess the usefulness of surveying young fish assemblages in tributaries of the Sinnamary River (French Guiana, South America) as a means of assessing fish species diversity and monitoring environmental change in a neotropical river subjected to hydrodam operations.
2. This work confirms that the tributaries of the Si...
1. The aim of this paper is to assess the usefulness of surveying young fish assemblages in tributaries of the Sinnamary River (French Guiana, South America) as a means of assessing fish species diversity and monitoring environmental change in a neotropical river subjected to hydrodam operations. 2. This work confirms that the tributaries of the Si...
Questions
Questions (3)
Very interesting project!
Will it take place in freshwaters?
What techniques will you use for sampling fish larvae / juveniles at the microhabitat scale?
How are you going to describe the vegetated beds?
A Malagasy PhD student is presently trying address identical questions in Toliara Bay, SW Madagascar (so, tropical marine species, a lot of them unknown at larval & juvenile stage...).
Best regards
Dominique
First of all, thanks for this wonderful online tool!
I'm just wondering how are the geographic distribution established for each species?
I'm presently checking the validity of some fish species that are supposed to be present in La Réunion Island, SW Indian Ocean, i.e. species referenced in the French Taxonomical Reference Tool, TAXREF v10.0 (Gargominy et al., 2016) but not in the checklist established by Fricke et al. (2009).
I do not have problems when La Réunion of Mascarene Islands are cited in the "Distribution" field (or when fish species in TAXREF v10.0 are obvious errors, i.e. fish species restricted to the eastern Pacific Ocean!). But I do not know what to decide when the distribution field indicates for ex. "Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Seychelles and Persian Gulf east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern Taiwan".
Thank in advance for your answer that will surely help users who encounter the same problem.
Regards
Dom
We are in the process of re-starting series of samples with light-traps in western Indian Ocean (Reunion and Madagascar). Until now, invertebrates were considered as “by-catches” and thus not analyzed but we think we are missing some valuable information.
As we do not have time to process the samples when they are fresh (too much work with fish post-larvae), what would be the best way to preserve the invertebrates caught in light-traps (mainly crustacean larvae but also octopuses, worms, etc.).
The aim is to (later) follow the barcoding of life procedures (i.e. taking images, keeping a voucher, etc.). But we hesitate between using ethanol (will make the individuals stiff and difficult to photograph), or freezing the samples (lead to the risk of DNA degradation when samples are sorted out).
Thanks for your ideas and do not hesitate if you are interested getting access to the samples.
